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Transport of Light Gases Blended with LNG

Transport of Light Gases Blended with LNG. LNG Transport Industry Summary. LNG Production Worldwide. LNG supply by year: 2005 to 2013. Supply by country: 2013 YOY. Markets: 2013 YOY. LNG Tankers – Plentiful, Many Sizes LNG Sources – Growing Number LNG Receiving – Slowly Growing Number

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Transport of Light Gases Blended with LNG

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  1. Transport of Light Gases Blended with LNG

  2. LNG TransportIndustry Summary

  3. LNG Production Worldwide

  4. LNG supply by year: 2005 to 2013

  5. Supply by country: 2013 YOY

  6. Markets: 2013 YOY

  7. LNG Tankers – Plentiful, Many Sizes LNG Sources – Growing Number LNG Receiving – Slowly Growing Number Limited Excess Capacity Oversupply in 2008 has virtually disappeared Lower gas cost has seen increase in LNG transport by about 40% since 2008 US Gas Supply Increasing Promising Substantial LNG Exports within a decade Shipping LNG: Supply & Demand

  8. Growing Industry & Transport Capacity • 226 ships built through 2006 • 163 ships built in 2007 through 2013 • 46 ships planned for delivery in 2014 or later

  9. LNG Value Chain

  10. Transport of Natural Gas costs about $3.50/MSCF using LNG from source to destination (5000 km) Natural Gas sells for about $4 to $16/MSCF ($200 to $800/tonne) Natural Gas can be bought for $1 to $4/MSCF Profit highest transporting to Far East from Middle East Cost of Transporting LNG

  11. Established LNG Sea Links

  12. Qatar Gas -Major LNG Source

  13. LNG TransportEquipment

  14. LNG Storage

  15. LNG Terminals

  16. LNG Terminals

  17. The LNG Transport Cycle

  18. Blended LNG Transport of Valuable Gases: Ethylene, Ethane, Propylene

  19. Traditionally made from Ethane and Naphtha Cracking Ethane reserves are falling except in USA Ethane Uneconomical for Shipping as Gas Naphtha easily shipped to Manufacturers (has destination value) All Major Future Ethylene Production Growth in Africa, Middle East and Far East Ethylene: Prime Raw Material for Chemicals

  20. Ethylene Production

  21. Chemical Production needs Raw Materials

  22. Synfuels GTE makes Ethylene from Low Cost Natural Gas Economically GTE Ethylene market needs: Local Chemical Industry Mode of Transport to Traditional Market Potential New Ethylene Technology

  23. Methane - $200 to $800/tonne Ethylene - $1100 to $1600/tonne Propylene – $1600 to $2000/tonne Destination Value of Gases

  24. Ethylene Transport Using LNG Chemicals made from Ethylene Few Changes to Existing LNG Facilities are Needed Cryogenic Separation of Ethylene from LNG

  25. LNG Gasification Facilities Gasify LNG and Deliver Natural gas to Pipelines Ethylene/LNG Gasification Facility will Separate Ethylene from Methane Deliver Natural Gas to Natural Gas Pipeline Deliver Ethylene to Ethylene Pipeline Handling Ethylene/LNG Blend

  26. Pipeline from Ethylene source to LNG Liquifaction Plant Cross exchanger for Ethylene/LNG Pumps to Move Blend to Storage Tank Optional Separate Storage Tank for Cryogenic Blend Liquifaction Equipment Additions are Minimal

  27. Cryogenic Tower to Separate Ethylene from Natural Gas Cold Box Condenser Fin-Fan Air-heated Reboiler Ethylene Pipeline Extension at Destination Gasification Equipment Additions are Minimal

  28. Ship Size – 138,000 cu meters 58320 tonnes displacement* 100% Methane $ 35.0 Million 75 wt% Ethylene $ 63.4 Million 75 wt% Propylene $ 95.1 Million All examples above for equal displacement shipping from USA to Japan Cost to manufacture ethylene and propylene set at $350/tonne Example Case - Load Value

  29. LNG shipping capacity – 60 Million cubic meters ( 25.4 Million Tonnes) LNG annual transport – 562 Million cubic meters (237.7 Million Tonnes) Worldwide Ethylene Production – 143.4 million tons per year (252 Million cubic meters) Market Opportunity is Enormous

  30. Process Description

  31. Process Description

  32. Bring ethylene by pipeline to site of existing LNG Liquefaction Plant Cool and liquefy the ethylene with existing LNG refrigeration Load the ethylene and LNG separately on a slightly modified LNG tanker Unload the ethylene at the ethylene receiving site Unload the LNG at the LNG receiving site Opportunity A (Add Synergy to Close Ethylene and LNG plants)

  33. Load some LNG onto LNG Tanker from LNG production site Move ship to distantethylene production site and load refrigerated ethylene into separate LNG cooled storage Unload the ethylene at the ethylene receiving site Unload the LNG at the LNG receiving site Opportunity B (Utilize far apart LNG and ethylene plants)

  34. Bring ethylene by pipeline to site of existing LNG Liquifaction Plant Cool and liquify the ethylene with existing LNG refrigeration Blend the ethylene with LNG and ship in existing LNG tanker Separate blend at receiving site Opportunity C (Simplify Transport through Blending)

  35. Potential GTE/LNG Sites Co-Locations of Ethylene production and LNG Loading (Blue) and Receiving (Green)

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