Seventeenth-Century Britain and Ireland

Seventeenth-Century Britain and Ireland

British History “The seventeenth century was, historically, and is, historiographically, a mess …” Jenny Wormald (2008)

Master narratives • Whig history • Divine right v. representative government • The puritan revolution • A conflict over the legacy of the Reformation • Marxist history • Feudalism/absolutism v. a rising capitalist class

Revisionism • Political ideology • General acceptance of royal authority • No “high road to civil war” • Unreasonable demands of parliament • Stability of England under “Eleven Years Tyranny” • Religion • Arminian innovation rather than puritan crusade • Class • Collapse of academic Marxism • Eclipse of class-based interpretations

What are we left with? • Return to focus on individual monarchs But why, then, did things get better?

“British History” Central problem of managing a composite state: • The quest for a uniform religious policy • Scottish revolt against Charles I • Who was to suppress the Irish rising of 1641? • James II and Irish Catholicism

Seventeenth-Century Ireland • Plantation • Religion and identity • Conflict

Plantation • Formal plantation and unplanned settlement • Antrim and Down • Londonderry • Continuing British settlement to c.1710 • The Irish and the plantation • 20% of land • Suvival as tenants • Economic marginalization • Ulster and beyond • New agricultural techniques • But continued reliance on stock rearing • Munster: wool, iron • Better communications, more developed urban network

Conflict Conflicting perspectives Normalisation • Violence in European context • Erosion of ethnic differences • Examples of mutual accommodation • Periods of peace and economic growth An Age of Atrocity • Martial law continued after 1603 • Massacre and atrocity 1641-52 • Post-war terror and social cleansing

Religion and identity (1): Protestantism • Church of Ireland • The end of the native Reformation • Calvinist theology • Dissent • Initial accommodation of Scots • Emergence of a Presbyterian church structure • Southern dissent • Conflict within Protestantism • Wentworth and Laudian policy • Post-1660 repression • Temporary Protestant unity 1685-91 • Sacramental test (1704) • Catholicism • Revival and Tridentine reform 1603-40 • The dilemma of the Old English

A war of many parts 1641-52 • A war of the three kingdoms • The Catholic revolt • Begun by benficiaries of Ulster plantation • A response to the rise of English parliament • Unleashed forces in Ulster leaders could not control • Arrival of emigres under Owen Roe O’Neill • Conflicted loyalties • Confederate Catholics • Loyalty to king or church • An ethnic dimension • But primarily a division between haves and have-nots • English Protestant royalists v. parliamentarians • Scots revolt against parliament 1649

Seventeenth-Century Britain and Ireland

Seventeenth-Century Britain and Ireland

Presentation Transcript

ENGLAND’S COLONIAL EXPERIMENTS: THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY

Opera in the Late Seventeenth Century

Seventeenth-Century British Literature

The Late Seventeenth Century

GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND

The Early Seventeenth Century

Seventeenth Century History by Dana Blohm

Seventeenth Century Propaganda

The Early Seventeenth Century

Seventeenth-Century England

Colonial Life in the Seventeenth Century

History of mathematics – the seventeenth century

Great Britain and Ireland

SMOKING BAN IN BRITAIN and IRELAND

DIVISION FIVE THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY

Seventeenth Century Anglo-American Poetry

Unit 22 Britain and Ireland

American Life in the Seventeenth Century

Seventeenth-Century Britain and Ireland

Seventeenth-Century American Literature

The Seventeenth Century

The Seventeenth Century