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Chapter 11 Introduction To Genetics

Gregor Mendel. Wanted To Know If:Segregation Was Truly Independent or Does The Segregation Of One Pair Of Alleles Affect The Segregation Of Another Pair Of Alleles????. Independent Assortment. Mendel Performed A Two Factor CrossHe Crossed Round/Yellow RRYYWith Wrinkled/Green rryy

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Chapter 11 Introduction To Genetics

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    1. Chapter 11 Introduction To Genetics Section 11-3 Exploring Mendelian Genetics

    2. Gregor Mendel Wanted To Know If: Segregation Was Truly Independent or Does The Segregation Of One Pair Of Alleles Affect The Segregation Of Another Pair Of Alleles????

    3. Independent Assortment Mendel Performed A Two Factor Cross He Crossed Round/Yellow RRYY With Wrinkled/Green rryy This Provided The F1 Hybrids That He Needed.

    4. Independent Assortment F1 Hybrid RrYy

    6. Independent Assortment

    7. Two Factor Cross F2 All F1 Plants Were Heterozygous or Hybrid In The F2 Cross Would The Dominant Alleles Stay Together Or Would They Segregate Independently So Any Combination Of Alleles Would Be Possible??????

    8. Two Factor Cross F2 Results

    9. Two Factor Cross F2 Results The Alleles For Seed Shape And Color Segregated Independently INDEPENDENT ASSORTMENT did occur. Therefore These Alleles DO NOT Influence Each Others Inheritance

    10. Key Concept The Principle Of Independent Assortment States That Genes For Different Traits Can Segregate Independently During The Formation Of Gametes.

    11. Summary of Mendel’s Principles Inheritance of Biological Characteristics Is Determined By Individual Units Known As Genes. In Organisms That Reproduce Sexually, Genes Are Passed From Parents To Their Offspring.

    12. Summary of Mendel’s Principles Where Two or More Forms Of The Alleles Exist, Some Forms Of The Allele Many Be Dominant And Others May Be Recessive.

    13. Summary of Mendel’s Principles In Most Sexually Reproducing Organisms, Each Adult Has Two Alleles In Each Gene – One From Each Parent These Alleles Are Segregated From Each Other When Gametes Are Formed.

    14. Summary of Mendel’s Principles Alleles Contained In Different Genes Usually Segregate Independently Of One Another

    15. Beyond Dominant & Recessive Alleles Key Concept: Some Alleles Are Neither Dominant Nor Recessive, And Many Traits Are Controlled By Multiple Alleles or Genes.

    16. Incomplete Dominance Red Flower Crossed With White Flower Results In Pink Flower. In Incomplete Dominance The Heterozygous Phenotype Is Between The Homozygous Phenotypes. (Both Alleles Expressed In One Cell)

    18. Codominance Both Alleles Completely Expressed Red Hair Cattle Crossed With White Haired Cattle Produce Roan (Pink Brown) Cattle That Have Both Colored Hairs. (Both Alleles Expressed Independently)

    19. Codominance

    20. Multiple Alleles A Gene Is Controlled By >2 Alleles. Individuals Can Only Have 2 Alleles Populations Can Have More Than Two Rabbit Fur Color Blood Types Eye Color

    21. Multiple Alleles

    22. Multiple Alleles

    23. Multiple Alleles

    24. Polygenic Traits Phenotypes Produced By The Interaction Of Several Genes. Human Skin Color Is Controlled By More Than 4 Different Genes. Eye Color is Controlled By At Least 3 Genes

    25. Applying Mendel’s Principles Thomas Hunt Morgan – early 1900’s Drosophila melanogaster Easy To Raise Produces Numerous Offspring Every 14 Days Large Chromosomes Susceptible To Mutagens

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