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Aim: To what extent can machine power transform the world?

Explore the impact of machine power on the world, focusing on the debate around bringing back manufacturing jobs and the role of machines versus human workers. Dive into the early Industrial Revolution and the causes that led to this transformative period, including the invention of steam engines and the development of the factory system. Discover how the transportation revolution further accelerated industrialization. Primary documents like a textile factory in Leeds, England provide a window into the changing world.

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Aim: To what extent can machine power transform the world?

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  1. Aim: To what extent can machine power transform the world?

  2. Trump and Jobs • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ODl6N2j8BXo • Bringing back Manufacturing jobs

  3. Would you be willing to pay 20% for a product if American workers/human workers produced it, rather than a machine?

  4. Industrial Revolution (1750-1900)

  5. Look Familiar?

  6. Early Industrial revolution • Flying Shuttle- 1733, easier weaving by 1 person, 50% reduction in necessary labor • Spinning Jenny-> see image at bottom right • Water Frame-1768 • Textile Mills-creation of fabric “bolts”

  7. Water Frame-what is powering the device?

  8. Early Industrial RevolutionTextile Mills powered by…

  9. Causes of Industrial Revolution • Coal-used for centuries as a source of heat, particularly in England • Thomas Newcomen-(1712)created 1st steam engine, used to clear coal mines of water • Steam Engine-”safe” version invented by James Watt in 1770 (x<10% energy efficiency) • Portable, factories could be anywhere (previously linked to water power)

  10. Why England? • High Wages • Lack of Invasion (last successful one in 1066 CE) • Colonies for raw materials • Large middle class and property rights protected (think John Locke) • Coal Deposits • Increasing population->

  11. Iron and Steel Production • Bessemer Steel Process- Invented1855 • Allowed creation of cheap and durable steel

  12. The Factory System-Move to the cities, why? • Previously, much manufacturing done at the home • Concentrated labor under 1 roof • Shifted Rural to city life (migration from the country to city) • Bosses and workers together

  13. Transportation Revolution • Locomotives (trains)-1804 • Steam ships-1807 • Eventually the automobile (1885 in Germany)

  14. Primary Documents-Textile factory in Leeds, England

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