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The Mole: Avogadro's Number and Molar Calculations

Learn about Avogadro's number and its significance in chemistry, as well as how to calculate formula mass, convert between moles and grams, and use standard molar volume in calculations.

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The Mole: Avogadro's Number and Molar Calculations

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  1. The Mole

  2. CA Standards

  3. The Mole 1 dozen = 12 1 gross = 144 1 ream = 500 1 mole = 6.02 x 1023 There are exactly 12 grams of carbon-12 in one mole of carbon-12.

  4. Avogadro’s Number 6.02 x 1023 is called “Avogadro’s Number” in honor of the Italian chemist Amadeo Avogadro (1776-1855). I didn’t discover it. Its just named after me! Amadeo Avogadro

  5. Calculating Formula Mass Calculate the formula mass of carbon dioxide, CO2. 12.01 g + 2(16.00 g) = 44.01 g  One mole of CO2 (6.02 x 1023 molecules) has a mass of 44.01 grams

  6. Atoms or molecules Liters Mole Relationships 22.4 L 22. 4 L 6.02 x 1023 Mole Atomic Mass Grams

  7. Calculations with Moles:Converting moles to grams How many grams of lithium are in 3.50 moles of lithium? 3.50 mol Li 6.94 g Li = g Li 24.3 1 mol Li

  8. Calculations with Moles:Converting grams to moles How many moles of lithium are in 18.2 grams of lithium? 18.2 g Li 1 mol Li 2.62 = mol Li 6.94 g Li

  9. Calculations with Moles:Using Avogadro’s Number How many atoms of lithium are in 3.50 moles of lithium? 6.02 x 1023 atoms 3.50 mol = atoms 2.11 x1024 1 mol

  10. Calculations with Moles:Using Avogadro’s Number How many atoms of lithium are in 18.2 g of lithium? 18.2 g Li 6.02 x 1023 atoms Li 1 mol Li 6.94 g Li 1 mol Li (18.2)(6.022 x 1023)/6.94 1.58 x 1024 = atoms Li

  11. Standard Molar Volume Equal volumes of all gases at the same temperature and pressure contain the same number of molecules. -Amedeo Avogadro At STP (Standard Temperature and Pressure): 1 mole of a gas occupies 22.4 liters of volume

  12. Calculations with Moles:Using Standard Molar Volume How many moles of hydrogen are in 100 L of hydrogen at STP? 1 mol 100 L = mol 4.46 22.4 L

  13. Calculations with Moles:Using Standard Molar Volume How many liters are occupied by 3 moles of oxygen gas at STP? 22.4 L 3 mol = L 67.2 1 mol

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