Interpersonal Communication “PERCEPTION”

1. Interpersonal Communication “PERCEPTION”

2. EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION DEFINITION: THE MEANS THROUGH WHICH PEOPLE EXCHANGE INFORMATION, FEELINGS, AND IDEAS WITH EACH OTHER.

3. SO WHAT IS EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION?

4. COMMUNICATION MODEL SENDER MESSAGE (INFORMATION) IS SENT BY THE SENDER RECEIVER RECEIVES THE MESSAGE AND RESPONDS TO MESSAGE (FEEDBACK)

5. PERCEPTION & REALITY IS COMMUNICATION WHAT A PERSON SAYS (OR THOUGHT HE/SHE SAID)? OR IS IT WHAT THE LISTENER HEARS (OR THOUGHT HE/SHE HEARD)?

6. PERCEPTION We don’t so much believe what we see as see what we believe.

7. 􀂄 This picture of an old lady… 􀂄 …and this picture of a pretty princess… We tend to discount any perceptions that don’t conform to our beliefs.

9. What's this?

10. Which chair...

12. PERCEPTION . . . . . . . . . CONNECT THE NINE DOTS : WITHOUT LIFTING YOUR PENCIL FROM THE PAPER USE FOUR STRAIGHT LINES

13. PERCEPTIONS IN EVERYDAY COMMUNICATION, OUR WORDS AFFECT HOW WE PERCEIVE OTHERS, SITUATIONS, EVENTS, BEHAVIORS AND OURSELVES. IF WE PERCEIVE NINE DOTS AS A SQUARE, WE CAN’T SOLVE THE PROBLEM. WE COMMUNICATE WITH PEOPLE ACCORDING TO HOW WE PERCEIVE THEM

22. Perception in Communication In living our lives and communicating with each other our perception of reality is less important than reality itself. Our perceptions are influence by: physical elements - what information your eye or ear can actually take in, how your brain processes it. environmental elements - what information is out there to receive, its context. learned elements - culture, personality, habit: what filters we use to select what we take in and how we react to it.

23. Colour blind people will not perceive "red" the way as other people do. Those with “normal vision” may physically see "red" similarly, but will interpret it culturally: Red meaning "stop" or "anger" or "excitement" or "in debt" (US). Red meaning "good fortune" (China). Red meaning your football team’s, school's colours.

25. You can understand interpersonal situations better if you appreciate how you and another person construct perceptions.

26. PROCESS OF PERCEPTION • PERCEPTION IS AN ACTIVE PROCESS OF CREATING MEANING BY SELECTING, ORGANIZING AND INTERPRETING PEOPLE, OBJECTS, EVENTS, SITUATIONS, AND OTHER PHENOMENA. • Perception is a three phase process of • selecting, • organizing and • interpreting information, people, objects, events, situations and activities.

27. PROCESS OF PERCEPTION SELECTION WE NOTICE THINGS THAT STAND OUT. (unusual, bigger, lauder, bright.) 2. ORGANIZATION AFTER SELECTING WHAT TO NOTICE, WE ORGANIZE WHAT WE HAVE NOTICED AND ATTRIBUTE MEANING TO IT. 3. INTERPRETATIONSUBJECTIVE PROCESS OF EXPLAINING OUR PERCEPTIONS. WE CONSTRUCT EXPLANATIONS FOR THEM.

28. Selection Notice what is going on around you. Is the room warm or cold? Messy or clean? Large or small? Light or dark? Can you smell anything? Are sleepy, hungry comfortable? We narrow our attention to what we defined as important in that moment.

29. Selective Attention The world deluges us with sensory information every second. Our mind produces interpretations and models and perceptions a mile a minute. To survive, we have to select what information we attend to and what we remember.

30. Selective Attention We select only certain things to notice, and then we organize and interpret what we have selectively noticed. What we select to perceive affects how we organise and interpret the situation. How we organise and interpret a situation affects our subsequent selections of what to perceive in the situation.

31. Who would you like to be your girlfriend ?

32. Selection We notice things that STAND OUT, and even change. Hear a loud voice than a soft one. We deliberately influence what we notice by indicating things to ourselves. Smoking is a habit; Focus on burning smell of the match, the smoke, the nasty view of ashtrays with cigarette butts, how bad a room smells when you smoke in it.

33. Organization Once we selected what to notice, we must make sense of it. Organize in meaningful ways. Constructivism; we organize and interpret experience by applying cognitive structures called schemata.

34. Organization Prototypes; most representative example of a category. Defines categories by identifying ideal cases. Ideal models for friendship, family, business group, or relationship. Personal Construct; mental yardstick we use to measure people and situation. Intelligent – unintelligent, kind – unkind.

35. Organization Stereotype; predictive generalization about individuals and situations based on the category into which we place them. May be accurate or inaccurate. Scripts; guide to action in particular situation. A sequence of activities that define what we and others are expected to do in specific situation. Daily activities – dating, talking to professors, dealing with clerks, interacting with co-workers

36. Interpretation After selection and organizing our perception, what they mean is not clear. Interpretation – subjective process of explaining perceptions in ways that let us make sense of them. Attribution; explanation of why things happen and why people act as they do.

37. Interpretation In judging whether others can control their actions, we decide whether to hold them responsible for what they do. We can be positive depending on how we explain what they do. Self serving bias; bias favour to ourselves. Inclined to make positive actions or negative actions. E.g passing and failing an exam. Can distort our perception .

38. PERCEPTION & COMMUNICATION THE 1ST STEP TO BETTER COMMUNICATION: DEVELOP THE AWARENESS THAT OUR PERCEPTIONS CAN DIRECT HOW AND WHAT WE COMMUNICATE.

39. PERCEPTION FILTERS PERCEPTION IS THE PROCESS OF GATHERING INFORMATION THROUGH OUR SENSES, ORGANIZING AND MAKING SENSE OF IT.

40. WHAT AFFECTS PERCEPTIONS? PREVIOUS EXPERIENCE AND LEARNING

41. WHAT AFFECTS PERCEPTIONS? ATTITUDES AND INTERESTS

42. WHAT AFFECTS PERCEPTIONS? NEEDS & FEELINGS

43. WHAT AFFECTS PERCEPTIONS? CURRENT SITUATION

44. PEOPLE SEE THINGS DIFFERENTLY ALL PEOPLE DO NOT "SEE" THE SAME THING WHEN LOOKING AT A VISUAL IMAGE.

48. Bir ignliiz üvnseritsinede ypalaın arşaıtramya gröe, kleimleirn hrfalreiinn hnagi srıdaa yzalıdkılraı ömneli dğeliimş. Öenlmi oaln brincii ve snonucnu hrfain yrenide omlsaımyş. Ardakai hfraliren srısaı krıaşk oslada ouknyuorumş. Çnükü kleimlrei hraf hrafdğeil bri btün oalark oykuorumuşz.Bakın nasıl da düzgün okudunuz..!

49. PERCEPTION DIFFERS FROM INDIVIDUAL TO INDIVIDUAL DUE TO ... PERSONAL DIFFERENCES SOCIO-ECONOMIC DIFFERENCES CULTURAL DIFFERENCES

50. EXAMPLES OF PERSONAL PERCEPTION FILTERS AGE, GENDER RACE PAST EXPERIENCES