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Students Stage Sit-ins

Students Stage Sit-ins. Many protests were held to end segregation in public places February 1960 four African American students sat at a segregated lunch counter In Greensboro, NC Refused to leave until they were served

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Students Stage Sit-ins

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  1. Students Stage Sit-ins • Many protests were held to end segregation in public places • February 1960 four African American students sat at a segregated lunch counter • In Greensboro, NC • Refused to leave until they were served • Action known as a “sit-in” • By September 70,000 students were sing this tactic

  2. The Freedom Riders • Volunteers who rode buses to segregated bus terminals • Summer of 1961 • Largely college students • Busses were attacked • Police refused to provide protection • Kennedy used federal marshals to protect riders • Justice Department encouraged Interstate Commerce Commission to bring lawsuits against segregation

  3. Kennedy and Civil Rights • Kennedy promised civil rights reform in election of 1960 • Initially did not follow through • Because of his narrow defeat of Nixon • He didn’t want to lose Southern support • Violence broke out in Birmingham • MLKJ was jailed • Wrote famous letters • Kennedy would not tolerate it anymore • Sent troops to restore peace in Birmingham • Proposed a new civil rights bill

  4. Trouble in Southern Universities • Department of Justice brought many suits for desegregation of schools • Kennedy sent federal marshals to enable James Meredith to enter the University of Mississippi • Alabama Governor George Wallace prevented desegregation of the University of Alabama at Tuscaloosa • Kennedy federalized Alabama National Guard • Kennedy saw the importance of legislation against segregation

  5. The March on Washington • August 1963 • Celebrating 100 Year Anniversary of Emancipation Proclamation • 200,000 demonstrators came to Washington • MLKJ made his “I Have a Dream” speech • A New Civil Rights Act • Awakened millions to the movement • Showed support to Congress for Civil Rights Bill • Following Kennedy’s assassination, LBJ was determined to follow his initiative

  6. Civil Rights Act • Johnson utilized remorse over Kennedy’s assassination to get his bill through • July 2, 1964 – Civil Rights Act of 1964 • Strongest act since Reconstruction • All citizens should have equal access to • Public facilities • Private facilities serving the public • forbade discrimination in education • Outlawed job discrimination • Voting Rights Act of 1965 • Paved the way for all African Americans to vote

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