1 / 18

Plant Structures

Plant Structures. AP Biology Unit 5. Extreme Plants!. Deepest Root : fig tree in South Africa roots that extend 120 m (393.7 ft) into the ground Tallest Tree : Sequoia tree in the Redwood National Park (CA) 379 ft, 4 inches (in 2006) Oldest Tree

gemma-hinton
Download Presentation

Plant Structures

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Plant Structures AP Biology Unit 5

  2. Extreme Plants! • Deepest Root: • fig tree in South Africa • roots that extend 120 m (393.7 ft) into the ground • Tallest Tree: • Sequoia tree in the Redwood National Park (CA) • 379 ft, 4 inches (in 2006) • Oldest Tree • Bristlecone pine cut down in Mt. Wheeler, Nevada in 1963 • Estimated to be 5200 years old Images taken without permission from http://www.gagfactory.com/photos/usa1999/part06/moreton_bay_fig_tree.jpg and http://www.nps.gov/archive/seki/shrm_pic.htm

  3. Extreme Plants! • Largest leaf: • raffia palm and Amazonian bamboo • can have leaves up to 65 ft in length. • Alocasia Macrorrhiza has the longest undivided leaf • 9 feet long, 6 feet wide Images taken without permission from http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://thelongestlistofthelongeststuffatthelongestdomainnameatlonglast.com/images3/leaf.JPG&imgrefurl=http://thelongestlistofthelongeststuffatthelongestdomainnameatlonglast.com/long330.html&h=259&w=195&sz=12&hl=en&start=1&tbnid=1oWtKUiri7q7nM:&tbnh=112&tbnw=84&prev=/images%3Fq%3D%2522Amazonian%2Bbamboo%2522%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D and http://www.raffiaonline.com/imgs/about-page/raffia-palm.jpg

  4. Extreme Plants! • Slowest growing tree: • A white cedar in Canada • has only grown to a height of 4 inches and 0.6 oz over the course of 155 years. • Fastest Growing Plant: • Some species of bamboo • grow up to 3 ft in a day Images taken without permission from http://www.ponnitai.com/database/thuja/occidentalis/europe_gold2.jpg andhttp://www.landoftheanxiousdog.com/images/bamboo.jpg

  5. Roots • The function of roots in a plant is to • Anchor plant • Absorb water and minerals • Store organic nutrients (starch)

  6. Types of Roots • Types of roots include: • Taproot • Fibrous Root • Adventitious Root

  7. Taproot • One main root • Lateral roots (smaller side roots) come off of main root • Good for storage of organic nutrients (starch) • Ex. carrots, turnips Img Src: http://collections.ic.gc.ca/gardens/New%20Bio%20Web%20Pix/OPTIMIZED%20BIO%20PLANT%20PARTS/3%20root%20systems.jpg

  8. Fibrous Roots • Lots of smaller roots (no main root) • Large surface area (good for absorbing water and nutrients) • Clings to soil well– prevents erosion (washing away) • Ex. grass Img Src: http://collections.ic.gc.ca/gardens/New%20Bio%20Web%20Pix/OPTIMIZED%20BIO%20PLANT%20PARTS/3%20root%20systems.jpg

  9. Adventitious Root • Roots that grow out of plant parts above ground (like the stem or the leaves) • Allows plants to re-establish selves even after stem has been cut off, lends support • Ex. Corn, banyan trees, some palms use them for additional support Img Src: http://collections.ic.gc.ca/gardens/New%20Bio%20Web%20Pix/OPTIMIZED%20BIO%20PLANT%20PARTS/3%20root%20systems.jpg

  10. Root hairs • Located just after the root tips • Tiny projections that increase the surface area on the root for water and mineral absorption

  11. Question… • What kind of roots would a landscape architect want to have in plants (s)he puts on a steep hillside to prevent a landslide from occurring • Fibrous roots– holds the soil better, so there won’t be erosion.

  12. This whole thing is a leaf! Parts of a Leaf • A leaf consists of • Blade • Petiole Img Src: http://www.yourdictionary.com/images/ahd/jpg/A4leaf.jpg

  13. Parts of a Leaf • The leaf is also where most photosynthesis takes place • Leaves can also be modified for support, reproduction, protection and storage. • Ex. Spines on a cactus, flower petals, onions

  14. Cuticle Epidermis Epidermis Guard Cells Stoma Cuticle Parts of a leaf Palisade Mesophyll Cells Bundle Sheath Cells Xylem Vein Phloem Spongy Mesophyll Cells

  15. Question… • In which cells would the most photosynthesis take place– palisade or spongy mesophyll? • Palisade mesophyll– because they are at the top, they have the most access to sunlight.

  16. Plant Tissues • 3 types • Dermal Tissue • Outer covering of the plant • Includes epidermis, cuticle, guard cells • Vascular Tissue • All transport systems (xylem and phloem) • Ground Tissue • Everything else in the plant • Storage, support, photosynthesis

  17. Plant Cell Organelles • Chloroplast • Site of photosynthesis • Mitochondria (also present in animal cells) • Site of cellular respiration • Tonoplast • For water storage • Leucoplast • For starch storage

  18. Plant Cells- Transport • Water-conducting cells (Make up the xylem) • Sugar-conducting cells (Make up the Phloem)

More Related