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The Periodontal Probe

The Periodontal Probe. Presented by: Mellissa Boyd, RDH, BSDH. Calibrated Probe. Assessment instrument Determine health of periodontal tissues. Working-End. Blunt Rod-shaped Millimeter markings Color coded Cross-section Round Rectangular. Purpose. A. B. C. Measurement

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The Periodontal Probe

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  1. The Periodontal Probe Presented by: Mellissa Boyd, RDH, BSDH

  2. Calibrated Probe • Assessment instrument • Determine health of periodontal tissues

  3. Working-End • Blunt • Rod-shaped • Millimeter markings • Color coded • Cross-section • Round • Rectangular

  4. Purpose A B C • Measurement • Sulcus/pocket depths • Width of attached gingiva • Bleeding • Exudate • Oral lesions • Furcations E D

  5. Sulcus vs. Pocket • Sulcus • Space between free gingiva and tooth • 1-3mm • Pocket • Sulcus deepened because of disease • 4mm+ • Gingival vs. periodontal

  6. Probing Depth • Entire sulcus probed • Six sites per tooth • 3 buccal • 3 lingual • Record deepest reading per site • Depth rounded up to nearest mm

  7. Basic Technique • Insert tip to JE, feel slight resistance • Gentle walking strokes • 10 – 20 grams pressure • Digital motion • Close together • 1-2 mm • Not out of sulcus

  8. Probe Position ‐ Healthy Tissue Sulcus • Space between free gingiva and tooth • Healthy sulcus = 1 to 3 mm • Probe tip touches tooth near the CEJ

  9. Probe Position – Diseased Tissue Pocket • Sulcus deepened because of disease • 4mm+ • Bleeding • Probe tip touches rootat point apical of CEJ

  10. Comparison MeasurementMarquis Probe (3‐6‐9‐12) Healthy Sulcus Diseased Pocket Probing Depth? Probing Depth?

  11. Need CPE to get the full story

  12. Measurements Recorded • 6 sites per tooth • Record deepest reading

  13. Insertion of Probe Tip • Keep side of tip against tooth surface • Tip = 1-2mm of probe • Observe enamel contour near CEJ • Tip parallel to tooth surface, keep constant contact with tooth surface

  14. Incorrect Insertion • Probe tip should NOT be held away from tooth •Inaccurate measurement •PAIN

  15. Adaptation Parallel to long axis of tooth Inaccurate measurement

  16. Probe Walking Stroke • Gently insert to base of sulcus • Walking Stroke – Series of light bobbing strokes – Made within sulcus/pocket while keeping side of probe tip against tooth surface

  17. Maxillary Posterior Technique • Extraoral fulcrum • Begin at DB line angle of maxillary right most posterior tooth (1, 2, etc) • Insert & walk probe into distal “area” • Record deepest measurement from DB line angle to D of tooth Walk all the way to the direct Distal

  18. Maxillary Posterior Technique • Remove and reinsert probe @ DB line angle • Walk probe across B surface • Walk probe around MB line angle and touch M contact • Slant probe under contact (col) • Take measurement under M contact in col area

  19. Maxillary Anterior Technique • NOTE: – When you reach midline, walking sequence will reverse for max L quadrant …starting @ #9 you will walk probe from MF line angle into M – Touch contact and slant probe very slightly to access col reading (anterior teeth are thinner so don’t over tilt) – Remove & reinsert at MF line angle, probe across M around DF line angle (continue sequence for max L quad) – Probe Lingual surfaces from #15, 16, etc. back across arch

  20. Max vs. Mand – who wins?

  21. Mandibular Technique • Posterior – Begin at DB line angle of mandibular right most posterior tooth (32, 31, etc) • Anterior – At midline walking sequence will reverse for mand L quadrant starting @ #24 you will walk probe from MF line angle into M – Touch contact and slant probe very slightly to access col reading (anterior teeth are thinner so don’t over tilt) – Remove & reinsert at MF line angle, probe across M around DF line angle (continue sequence for mand L quad) – Probe Lingual surfaces from #17, 18, etc. back across arch

  22. Furcation Involvement • Bone loss in area of furcation • Result of periodontal disease • Furcation probe or periodontal probe • Access • Mandibular molars • Maxillary molars • Maxillary 1st premolar

  23. Oral Lesions or Deviations • Document with measurement • Use anatomical references • anterior-posterior (front to back) • superior-inferior (top to bottom)

  24. Mucogingival Examination • Attached Gingiva • Area from base of sulcus to mucogingival junction (MGJ) • Attached to the cementum of tooth and alveolar bone by collagenous fibers

  25. Mucogingival Examination • Alveolar mucosa • located apical to the MGJ • deeper red color than attached • Shiny and loosely attached to underlying bone • MG defect • Recession near MGJ or into alveolar mucosa

  26. Clinical Attachment Level • Measurement from the CEJ to JE • Most accurate measure of attachment loss • Three possible relationships: • GM apical to CEJ (recession) • GM coronal to CEJ (hyperplasia) • GM level with CEJ

  27. Accuracy of Measurement Affected by: • Size & design of probe • Technique • Tissue health • Adaptation of probe tip against side of tooth • Walking stroke control • Avoiding excessive pressure • Correct angulation into “col” area

  28. Charting Practice • Typodont • William’s probe • Probe and record • Mandibular right first molar, facial aspect (Nield p 233 –235) • Mandibular left canine, facial aspect (Nield pp 236-237)

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