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AMAP - An international cooperation in far northern conditions

AMAP - An international cooperation in far northern conditions. Yuri Tsaturov - Roshydromet & Morten Sickel – Norwegian Radiation Protection Authority. Pathways for contaminants to the Arctic. Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme (AMAP). An Integrated Circumpolar Monitoring Programme

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AMAP - An international cooperation in far northern conditions

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  1. AMAP - An international cooperation in far northern conditions Yuri Tsaturov - Roshydromet & Morten Sickel – Norwegian Radiation Protection Authority

  2. Pathways for contaminants to the Arctic

  3. Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme (AMAP) An Integrated Circumpolar Monitoring Programme • Members:Canada, Denmark/Greenland, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Russia, Sweden, USA; 6 Arctic Indigenous Peoples Organizations. • Observers:France, Germany, Netherlands, Poland, UK; 24 International Organizations and NGOs. • Media:Atmospheric, Terrestrial, Freshwater, Marine, and Human health. • Documenting: Sources, Pathways, Levels, Bio-accumulation, Trends & Effects. • Priorities: POPs, Metals, Oil, Acidification, Human Health; Climate and UV (ACIA), Radioactivity

  4. AMAP’s geographical coverage

  5. The AMAP monitoring and assessment programme • An Assessment Strategy • Assessment Steering Committee. • Lead Countries, e.g. POPs Canada & Sweden. • A Monitoring Programme • Specification of what to be sampled, methodologies for how to store, analyse and report. • A QA/QC Programme • Five Thematic Data Centres • National Implementation Plans (NIPs), e.g. NCP • Special projects e.g. the RAIPON/AMAP/GEF PTS project in Russia • AMAP Project Directory (AMAP PD)

  6. Three major sources: Fallout from atmospheric testing of nuclear weapons Routine releases from western European reprocessing plants Fallout from the Chernobyl accident Main sources for past and present radioactive contamination of the Arctic

  7. Other sources of radioactive contamination • Dumping of nuclear waste in the Barents and Kara Seas • Nuclear weapons accident in Thule, Greenland • Local contamination from nuclear weapons tests at Novaya Zemlya • Reprocessing plants in the Urals and Siberia (e.g. Mayak) • Civilian use of nuclear explosions • Operation of military and civilian nuclear reactors • Waste handling and storage Local importance

  8. 137 Cs in Atmosphere, Finland

  9. Radioactivity in reindeer

  10. Average activity concentrations of 137Cs in reindeer 1990 - 1995

  11. Freshwater environment

  12. Cs- 137 in products from NW Russia, 1998 - 2001

  13. Discharges of 129 I to the marine environment (TBq/yr)

  14. Present situation • Regional scale • Generally, levels of radioactive contamination are mainly low and declining • ”Semi” regional • Increasing levels of some radionuclides due to increased releases from European reprocessing plants • Local • Some areas are seriously contaminated

  15. Future situation • Existing risk for new accident giving rise to local or regional concequences

  16. So, where can AMAP go now? Use our knowledge and overview to support relevant activities

  17. Avoiding new accidents

  18. Remediate contaminated areas

  19. Limit releases

  20. Vulnerability assessments Overall risk assessments Protection of the environment Regulation Prioritising Preparedness Impact assessments Specifically AMAP : Knowledge, established international cooperation

  21. 2004 - Report on radioactivity issues • Sources for radioactive contamination • Radioactivity in the environment • Vulnerability • Doses to the population • Protection of the environment from the effects of radiation • Nuclear safety initiatives • Potential accident scenarios http://www.amap.no Morten.Sickel@nrpa.no

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