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Comprehensive Guide to Single Subject Research Design

This design establishes cause-and-effect relationships with a small number of subjects using ABA or ABAB reversal design. Repeated measurements over time to analyze behavior patterns with intraocular analysis. Emphasizes consistency in behavior and control over confounds, focusing on stability and trends.

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Comprehensive Guide to Single Subject Research Design

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  1. Single Subject Research

  2. Description of Design • Used with small number of subjects • Establish cause-and-effect relationships • Experimental • Subject is measured, treated, measured • ABA, ABAB reversal design

  3. Repeated measurements on subjects over time / sessions • Results analyzed via intraocular analysis • No reliance upon traditional inferential statistics • Means and standard deviations

  4. Importance of results is consistency in behavior • Trying to establish patterns of behavior • Control over confounds

  5. Layout of Design • Phases-basic building block • Phase series of observations made under the same conditions • (A) Baseline Phase • (B) Treatment Phase (IV introduced) • (A) Baseline Phase (IV removed)

  6. Describing Behavior • “level” refers to the magnitude of the participant’s responses. • If all observations within a phase indicate approximately same magnitude or level of behindicative of stable/consistent behavior • “trend” refers to a consistent increase/decrease in magnitude of beh across sessions in a phase • Critical value is stability

  7. Parameters • Unstable data-first few observations might be reactivity • Average observations • Look for patterns within the inconsistency • Length of a phase-minimum of 3 sessions; min 5 to establish pattern • Phase Change- when pattern emerges • Introduce IV

  8. Visual Inspection • Subjective • Kazdin (2003) • Change in average level • Immediate change in level • Change in trend • Latency of change-large immediate change in pattern

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