Civil Rights Movement

1. Civil Rights Movement Put your name at the top. The journal entries will be taken for a grade.

2. 1896 Plessyvs Ferguson • Court case that said blacks and white could be separated as long as facilities were equal. • Made segregation legal in the South.

3. Segregation Separation of people based on their race.

4. Life in the South (Early-mid 1900s) Jim Crowe Laws- social rules for how black and white interacted. Ex- black men could not walk on sidewalk while a white woman was on the same sidewalk. Ku Klux Klan- made a comeback in the 1950-60s to keep blacks from gaining political rights. Used fear and violence.

5. 1954 US Supreme Court says separate is not equal, schools must desegregate. Cancels Plessy v. Ferguson Brown v. Board Of Education

6. Integrate/Desegregate Open to all races and groups of people.

7. 1954 • Emmitt Till 14 year old boy brutally murdered for not following social rules of segregation. Brought national attention to racial violence in the South.

8. Lynching To punish or kill without going through the legal system for a real or false crime.

9. 1955 Rosa Parks refuses to give up seat on city bus, is arrested. People led movement- 17,000 people refuse to use city buses as protest of segregation. Montgomery Bus Boycott

10. Respond to journal ? MLK Jr’s House after front porch was bombed by anti-integrationist.

11. 1957 Courts ordered schools to desegregate. And Arkansas’ gov. blocked black students from going to school. Federal Troops sent to escort black students to school. Little Rock 9

12. 1960 Greensboro Sit-ins NC college students respond to MLK Jr’s call for nonviolent protest by sitting at whites only lunch counter until they were served. Peacefully arrested.

13. Civil Disobedience Refusal to obey the law as a way to show the gov. the law should be changed.

14. 1963 • Birmingham, Alabama City leader Bull Connor responded to Civil Rights protests by using police dogs and firehouses to break up protestors.

15. Respond to journal ? The following was written by MLK Jr after being arrested for protesting in Alabama. I guess it is easy for those who have never felt the stinging darts of segregation to say wait. But when you have seen vicious mobs lynch your mothers and fathers at will and drown your sisters and brothers at whim; when you have seen hate filled policemen curse, kick, brutalize, and even kill your black brothers and sisters with impunity; when you see the vast majority of your twenty million Negro brothers smothering in an air-tight cage of poverty in the midst of an affluent society; when you suddenly find your tongue twisted and your speech stammering as you seek to explain to your six-year-old daughter why she can't go to the public amusement park that has just been advertised on television, and see tears welling up in her little eyes when she is told that Funtown is closed to colored children, and see the depressing clouds of inferiority begin to form in her little mental sky, and see her begin to distort her little personality by unconsciously developing a bitterness toward white people; when you have to concoct an answer for a five-year-old son asking in agonizing pathos:

16. "Daddy, why do white people treat colored people so mean?"; when you take a cross-country drive and find it necessary to sleep night after night in the uncomfortable corners of your automobile because no motel will accept you; when you are humiliated day in and day out by nagging signs reading "white" men and "colored"; when your first name becomes "nigger" and your middle name becomes "boy" (however old you are) and your last name becomes "John," and when your wife and mother are never given the respected title "Mrs."; when you are harried by day and haunted by night by the fact that you are a Negro, living constantly at tip-toe stance never quite knowing what to expect next, and plagued with inner fears and outer resentments; when you are forever fighting a degenerating sense of "nobodiness" -- then you will understand why we find it difficult to wait. There comes a time when the cup of endurance runs over, and men are no longer willing to be plunged into an abyss of injustice where they experience the bleakness of corroding despair. I hope, sirs, you can understand our legitimate and unavoidable impatience.

17. 1963 March to convince Congress to pass Civil Rights bill. ¼ million people march to Lincoln Memorial, MLK JR delivers “I Have a Dream” speech. March on DC

18. 1964 Northern college students go to Mississippi to register blacks to vote. James Chaney and 2 white workers Andrew Goodman, Michael Schwerner are murdered. Freedom Summer

19. 1964-65 Banned segregation in public facilities and discrimination in employment. Banned literacy tests as a requirement to vote. Civil Rights and Voting Acts

20. Literacy Test A test to see if a person could read and write before they were allowed to vote. Most included trivia and were meant to keep blacks from voting.

21. 1968 In Memphis to show support of striking garbage workers, he was assassinated outside his motel room by James Earl Ray. Curfew required that night for fear of riots. Assassination of MLK Jr

22. 1968 • Assassination of Robert Kennedy Brother of John F. Kennedy, Robert worked closely with MLK on Civil Rights and ending the Vietnam War. After announcing he would run for president, was shot at a fundraiser.

23. Respond to journal ? What did we as a country lose in 1968 when MLK and RFK were killed? At least 1 paragraph!!