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Methods in photosynthesis. CO 2 + H 2 O + h n Sugar + O 2. Plant. chromatography. IRGA. Polarography (oxygen electrode). Chlorophyll-a fluorescence induction. Chlorophyll. Absorption spectra for Chls. Chlorophyll fluorescence. Photosynthetic electron transport. PS2. PS2.
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CO2 + H2O + hn Sugar + O2 Plant chromatography IRGA Polarography (oxygen electrode)
PS2 H2O P680 QA QB … QA(ox): open centre: low fluorescence QA-(red): closed centre: high fluorescence
The photochemical quenching [qP = (Fm’-Ft)/(Fm’-Fo)] reflects the redox state of QA,. (Ratio of the open centres) FI curve using PAM system
The non-photochemical quenching [qN = (Fm-Fm’)/(Fm-Fo) or NPQ = (Fm-Fm’)/Fm’] mainly reflects energy dissipated as heat related to energization of the thylakoid membrane due to lumen acidification. (qE, qT, qI) FI curve using PAM system
Fv’/Fm’ [(Fm’-Fo)/Fm’] reflects the efficiency of open reaction centres in light FI curve using PAM system
The quantum yield of electron transfer at PSII [FPSII =(Fm’-Ft)/Fm’ ], is a measure of the overall efficiency of PS2 reaction centres in the light. FI curve using PAM system