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English accents

English accents. 10. Liverpool (Scouse). Liverpool located in Merseyside Scouse accent. 1. Northernisms. STRUT words have / ʊ / BATH words have / æ / (phonetically [a]) [g] is retained after [ ŋ ]. No FOOT-STRUT split. put p ʊt cut k ʊt. full f ʊl dull d ʊl.

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English accents

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  1. English accents 10. Liverpool (Scouse)

  2. Liverpool located in Merseyside Scouse accent

  3. 1. Northernisms • STRUT words have /ʊ/ • BATH words have /æ/ (phonetically [a]) • [g] is retained after [ŋ]

  4. No FOOT-STRUT split put pʊt cut kʊt full fʊl dull dʊl In the north of England, /ʊ/ and /ʌ/ have not become separate phonemes

  5. no BATH broadening æ remains short / _ [-voi +fric] bæθ pass, glass, grass, staff, raft, laugh, bath, path, after, castle Rhymes: bath - math(s), castle - tassel, pass - gas

  6. typical southern accent TRAP æ BATH ɑː START ɑː gas, pass, farce æ ɑː ɑː typical northern accent TRAP a BATH a START aː gas, pass, farce a a aː lexical incidence: BATH words

  7. typical southern system (6 vowels) typical northern system (5 vowels) strong short vowel systems ɪ ʊ e ʌ æ ɒ ɪ ʊ ɛ TRAP a ɒ LOT KIT FOOT KIT FOOT-STRUT DRESS STRUT DRESS TRAP LOT

  8. final [g] remains after [ŋ] compare sɪŋg ˈsɪŋgɪŋg ˈsɪŋgə ˈfɪŋgə [g] retained in northwest England, lost elsewhere

  9. 2. Irish characteristics • /θ, ð/ are realized as plosives (TH stopping) • /t/ is realized as a fricative in certain positions • /l/ lacks clear-dark allophony

  10. TH stopping (London) Dbecomesdin initial position text messaging: da = the wiv dis = with this

  11. TH stopping θ  t̻ or tð  d̻ or d thick and thin a thick tick faith - fate breathe - breed fatherthese and those

  12. no clear-dark /l/ allophony mɪlk ʃɛl bʊlb ˈbɒtlz wɔːl ˈpɛnsl

  13. 3. Other striking Scouse characteristics • frication or affrication of other plosives • /eə/ is merged with /ɜː/ • the GOAT vowel is realized as [oʊ] or [eʊ] • non-standard intonation patterns

  14. frication or affrication of plosives k  x (or χ or kx or qχ) in final positiond  dz snake [sneɪx] back [bax] work [wɛ̈ːx] NB: no phoneme /x/ Dad [dzadz]

  15. SQUARE vowel merged with NURSE vowel fare = fur [fɛ̈ː, fɜː] Homophones: stare - stir pair - purr fairy = furry work [wɛ̈ːx] [ˈmɜːri]

  16. long mid diphthonging face feːs  feɪs day deɪ goat goːt  goʊt ( geʊt) GOAT vowel as [oʊ] or [eʊ] noʊ aɪ doʊnt No, I don'tneʊ aɪ deʊnt

  17. prosodic characteristics: intonation I don't /like ¯it = RP etc I don't \like it Are 'you from \Liverpool? = RP etc Are 'you from /Liverpool?

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