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Using XML in Cooperative Knowledge Discovery, Organization and Exchange for Internet Applications

Using XML in Cooperative Knowledge Discovery, Organization and Exchange for Internet Applications. Yang Wang Pattern Discovery Software Systems Ltd. A Common Data Format is Important. Nature of the project Cooperation Organization Exchange Sake of software development Common language

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Using XML in Cooperative Knowledge Discovery, Organization and Exchange for Internet Applications

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  1. Using XML in Cooperative Knowledge Discovery, Organization and Exchange for Internet Applications Yang Wang Pattern Discovery Software Systems Ltd.

  2. A Common Data Format is Important • Nature of the project • Cooperation • Organization • Exchange • Sake of software development • Common language • Interface • Internal • External

  3. A Structured Information/Knowledge Representation is More Important • The velocity of Information • Speed of information • Importance of information • Different sending and receiving devices • Into the smart network/environment • Human understandability vs machine understandability • Information encoded in ways compatible to both human and machine • Separation of information itself from displaying information • Enabling communication between computerized agents • Toward the active document

  4. Why XML • XML is structured • XML is extensible • XML is network enabled • XML is simple and (almost) standardized • XML is programming language independent • XML is suitable for this project • Standard for information sharing, retrieval and exchanging over the network • Ideal for agent based approaches – machine understandable • Ability to model document and the discovered knowledge – extendable grammar ideal for describing features, patterns, and semantics of web documents • Potentials of commercialization

  5. XML Essentials – An Example <?XML version="1.0"?> <!DOCTYPE ContactRec SYSTEM "ContactRec.dtd"> <ContactRec> <Name> <Honorific Title="Mr"></Honorific> <First>David</First><Last>Lewis</Last> </Name> <Company> <JobTitle>Principal Webmaster</JobTitle> <CompanyName>Lewis Systems</CompanyName> </Company> <Address> <Street>2600 Wilson Boulevard</Street> <City>San Tabisco</City> <Region>CA</Region> <PostCode>94583</PostCode> <Country>US</Country> <Phone> <DayTime>415-000-0000</DayTime> </Phone> <Internet> <Email>drlewi1@lewis.com</Email> <Web>http://www.lewis.com</Web> </Internet> </Address> <Product SGMLEditor="Yes" ActiveViews="Yes“SymposiaPro="Yes" SymposiaDocPlus="Yes" SGMLEditorJapanese="No" SGMLEditorKorean="No" XMLProducts="Yes" General="No"/> <Contacts> <Language Preference="English"/> <History> <Events> <Date> <Day>01</Day><Month>04</Month><Year>96</Year> </Date> <Venue>SGML '96</Venue> <Notes>Send Evaluation Software</Notes> </Events> </History> </Contacts> </ContactRec>

  6. XML Essentials - Components • Prolog (optional) • XML declaration<?xml version=“1.0” encoding=“UTF-8”?> • Comments <!-- This document is about NSCERC project --> • Processing Instructions (PIs) • Document Type Declaration <!DOCTYPE nserc SYSTEM “http://pami.uwaterloo.ca/NSERC.dtd”> • Root – The body of an XML document <nserc> <title>NSERC Project</title> </nserc> • Epilog (optional) • Following root (not recommended to use) • Contains misc. information, comments and PIs

  7. XML DTD • Why a DTD • Consistency • Rigor – thought before action • Some XML features requiring a DTD • Idea feature for this project • DTD Structure • A tree • Attributed node

  8. XML DTD Example <?XML version="1.0"?> <!DocType ContactRec [ <!Element ContactRec (Name, Company, Address, Product, Contacts)> <!Element Name (Honorific?, First, Middle?, Last)> <!Element Company (JobTitle?, CompanyName)> <!Element Address (Street+, City, Region?, PostCode, Country, Phone, Internet)> <!Element Product Empty> <!AttList Product SGMLEditor (Yes|No) #REQUIRED SGMLEditorKorean (Yes|No) #REQUIRED SGMLEditorJapanese (Yes|No) #REQUIRED ActiveViews (Yes|No) #REQUIRED SymposiaPro (Yes|No) #REQUIRED SymposiaDocPlus (Yes|No) #REQUIRED XMLProducts (Yes|No) #REQUIRED General (Yes|No) #REQUIRED> <!Element Contacts (Language, History)> <!Element Honorific (#PCDATA)> <!AttList Honorific Title (Mr|Ms|Mrs|Miss|Dr|Professor|M|Mme|Mlle|SeeContent) "SeeContent"> <!Element First (#PCDATA)> <!Element Middle (#PCDATA)> <!Element Last (#PCDATA)> <!Element JobTitle (#PCDATA)> <!Element CompanyName (#PCDATA)> <!Element Street (#PCDATA)> <!Element City (#PCDATA)> <!Element Region (#PCDATA)> <!Element PostCode (#PCDATA)> <!Element Country (#PCDATA)> <!Element Phone (DayTime, Fax?)> <!Element Internet (Email, Web)> <!Element Language EMPTY> <!AttList Language Preference (English|French) "English"> <!Element History (Events+)> <!Element DayTime (#PCDATA)> <!Element Fax (#PCDATA)> <!Element Email (#PCDATA)> <!Element Web (#PCDATA)> <!Element Events (Date, Venue, Notes)> <!Element Date (Day, Month, Year)> <!Element Venue (#PCDATA)> <!Element Notes (#PCDATA)> <!Element Day (#PCDATA)> <!Element Month (#PCDATA)> <!Element Year (#PCDATA)> ]>

  9. XSL and XSLT • XSL (eXtensible Stylesheet Language) • XSLT (XSL Transformations)

  10. XML for this NSERC Project • Internal information / knowledge sharing among different agents • The basis of communication protocol • Interfaces • Internal data organization • Data archive • Knowledge base, etc. • External information / knowledge delivery • Standard profile in XML • Rules (association, production) in XML • Class, cluster descriptions in XML • Interfaces to other (commercial) systems

  11. Software for Developing XML • XML parser • Xparse (JavaScript), Ælfred (Java), Xerces(C/C++) • Document editors • WordPerfect, Xeena, Emacs with pSGML, Clip! • DTD editors/generators • XML Spy, XMLOutline, Oracle XML Schema • Style sheet tools • Editors: HomeSite, Excelon Stylus • Processors: XT, Saxon • XML browsers • MS IE 5, Netscape, XML Viewer

  12. Open Problems and Suggestions • Is the tree-like DTD good enough for us? • How to start using XML in the project? • How to evolve XML documents while the project moves ahead? • How stable is the current XML standard? • What are the risks?

  13. Resources • XML Annotated Recommendations • http://www.xml.com/axml/axml.html • Robin Cover’s SGML/XML page • http://www.oasis-open.org/cover/ • XML software and tools • http://www.xmlsoftware.com • XML FAQ • http://www.ucc.ie/xml • Links to free XML tools • http://www.garshol.priv.no/download/xmltools/

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