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Chapter 7. Change A Focus on Adaptability and Resiliency. 1. What Is Change and How Do You React to It?. Introduction. Change Constant Conflicting Emotions Disruptions Give up the Familiar. 1. What Is Change and How Do You React to It?. Discussion Questions.
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Chapter 7 Change A Focus on Adaptability and Resiliency
1. What Is Change and How Do You React to It? Introduction • Change • Constant • Conflicting Emotions • Disruptions • Give up the Familiar
1. What Is Change and How Do You React to It? Discussion Questions • List a few major changes you have experienced in life (such as moving, divorce in the family, illness, starting college, or starting or ending a relationship). How hard was that change? What were some of the emotions you experienced?
Organizational Change • Organizational change • Movement of an organization away from its present state and toward some desired future state to increase its efficiency and effectiveness
2. How Do People Change? Change: It Is Not Always Easy for People • Organizations Change Only If People Do • When Nothing Changes • Minds Can Function Efficiently • Conscious Attention Not Needed • As Changes Occur, we leave our comfort zone • Working Memory Is Limited • Memory Overload can lead to fatigue • As Practice Continues • New Pathways become stronger and more efficient
2. How Do People Change? The Psychology and Neuropsychology of Individual Change • Positive Emotional Attractors • Well-being and Hope • Can Counter Effects of Stress • Negative Emotional Attractors • State of Negative Emotions • Linked to the Sympathetic Nervous System • Feeling Defensive, Threatened, and Stressed
2. How Do People Change? Leading Change in Groups, Organizations, and Communities • Gestalt Cycle of Experience
2. How Do People Change? The Gestalt Cycle of Experience and Change in Groups, Organizations and Communities • Conscious and Uninterrupted Movement • Common traps • Skipping Steps • Stuck at a Step
3. How Do Societal Shifts Lead to Organizational Changes? Four Trends That Will Affect Organizations for Decades to Come • Drivers for Change • Technology • Globalization • Social and Political • Environmentalism
3. How Do Societal Shifts Lead to Organizational Changes? The Diversity and Inclusion Imperative • Diversity Defined • Good for Business and offers many benefits • Niche Markets • Competitive Advantage • Wider Base of Knowledge • Facilitate Change • Employee Satisfaction • Legal Compliance
3. How Do Societal Shifts Lead to Organizational Changes? The Diversity and Inclusion Imperative Age Demographics Shrinking Populations in the North and West Younger Populations in the South and East • Gender, Ethnicity, Pay • Some Improvements • More Change Needed
4. What Is the Difference between Incremental and Transformational Change? Introduction • Change Can Be… • Anticipated or Unexpected • Forces/Conditions Inside or Outside the Organization • “Top Down” • “Bottom Up”
Implementing the Change • Top Down Change • A fast, revolutionary approach to change in which top managers identify what needs to be changed and then move quickly to implement the changes throughout the organization.
Implementing the Change • Bottom-up change • A gradual or evolutionary approach to change in which managers at all levels work together to develop a detailed plan for change.
4. What Is the Difference between Incremental and Transformational Change? Revolutionary and Evolutionary Change • Incremental Change • Easier to Manage • Risks • Cannot anticipate everything • Hard TO Detect
Evolutionary and Revolutionary Change • Evolutionary change • gradual, incremental, and narrowly focused • constant attempt to improve, adapt, and adjust strategy and structure incrementally to accommodate changes in the environment
Evolutionary and Revolutionary Change • Revolutionary change • Rapid, dramatic, transformational, and broadly focused • Involves a bold attempt to quickly find ways to be effective • Likely to result in a radical shift in ways of doing things, new goals, and a new structure for the organization
5. Which Models Can Help Us Understand Change? Lewin’s Force Field Analysis Model of Change • Applied to Any Level of Human System
6. What Practical Models Can Help Us Manage Change in Organizations? Kotter’s Eight Stage Change Model
6. What Practical Models Can Help Us Manage Change in Organizations? Kotter Stages 1 through 5: Preparing for Change
6. What Practical Models Can Help Us Manage Change in Organizations? Kotter Stages 6 through 8: Change