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Epithelial Tissue Found as linings, coverings, and glands Functions: protection, absorption, filtration, secretion

Highlights of Tissue Types Overview. Epithelial Tissue Found as linings, coverings, and glands Functions: protection, absorption, filtration, secretion Poorly vascularized ; always has an apical edge and a basement membrane

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Epithelial Tissue Found as linings, coverings, and glands Functions: protection, absorption, filtration, secretion

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  1. Highlights of Tissue Types Overview Epithelial Tissue Found as linings, coverings, and glands Functions: protection, absorption, filtration, secretion Poorly vascularized; always has an apical edge and a basement membrane Named based on layering (simple/stratified/pseudo-stratified) and shape (squamous, cuboidal, columnar/transitional) Includes endocrine and exocrine glands Connective Tissue Found everywhere in the body; most abundant Functions: binding, support, protection, respiratory gas carriers Mostly well vascularized Cells include: erythrocytes, leukocytes, osteocytes, fibroblasts, mast cells, chondrocytes, adipocytes/signet cells Extracellular matrix: ground substance (glycoproteins and glycoasminoglycans) and fibers (collagen, keratin, elastin, reticular) Includes: 3 types of cartilage: hyaline (ribs, larynx, nose), elastic (ear), fibrcartilage (intervertebral discs); loose (areolar) and dense connective (tendons, ligaments; also in reticular layer of dermis) tissue; blood, bone, adipose, and reticular tissue. Muscle Tissue Contractile tissue made of bundles muscle fibers (cells); ATP drive proteins actin and mysosin to cause shortening of cell -Striated (skeletal) muscle: voluntary, striated, multinucleate, cylindrical; muscles that connect bones together -Smooth muscle: involuntary, not striated, single nuclei, spindle-shaped; in GI tract, blood vessel walls -Cardiac muscle: involuntary, striated,single nuclei, cylindrical but branched at intervertebral disks; heart muscle Nervous Tissue Neurons (long filaments (axons) extending from cell bodies with “spiky” dendrites; in brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves to and from organs and skin; rapid and focused communication (both incoming and outgoing messages) Tissue Repair, Growth, and Aging Types of repair: Regeneration vs. fibrosis Steps of repair: 1. Inflammation, 2. Vascularization, 3. Regeneration Epithelial and fibrous connective regenerate well, skeletal/cardiac muscle and nervous tissue very little or none The body systems that arise from embryonic germ layers: endoderm (GI tract, lungs), mesoderm (muscles & bones), ectoderm (nervous and skin) How tissues change with age

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