University of Wisconsin Madison

1. University of WisconsinMadison 2006 SAE Clean Snowmobile Challenge Design Presentation Presented by: Gary Diehl Adam Schumacher

2. Design Considerations:Market Survey • Survey in Fall 2005 • 75 student riders • Customers Want: • Acceleration • Agility • Historical Best Sellers • Ski-Doo Rev Platform • Polaris 600 XC SP • Top speed not given high priority Fall 2005 Survey (Experienced Riders) 75 Students Surveyed

3. Engine Selection Snowmobile Engine Emissions Testing • Engine emissions from 2002 and 2003 CSC and current commercial snowmobile engines • Ski-doo SDI system reduces two stroke emissions by 50%1 • Polaris FS engine has lowest emissions of commercially available engines * SwRI 2002 (Leda, White) 1: http://www.ski-doo.com/media/2004_SOTY.pdf

4. Powertrain Implementation • Engine Mounts • Rubber vibration isolation mounts in non-parallel planes • Optimal center to center clutch distance • Air Box • Shaped to maximize air flow and minimize size • Covered with sound dampening rubber • Intake location chosen to minimize induced air temperatures

5. Powertrain Implementation • Clutch Tuning • Replaced secondary clutch with high-efficiency roller clutch • Replaced spring and weights to match power vs clutching • Stock FS Oil Reservoir • Ensure correct oil flow and oil reserve volume • Coated with reflective material • Oil cooler placed near vents to efficiently cool the oil

6. Emissions Reduction

7. Emissions Benchmark • 2005 Emissions Testing Results • 94% reduction from stock • 86% reduction from 2004

8. Emissions Reduction • Improvements for 2006 • Closed loop at all engine speeds • Exhaust system re-designed to minimize weight and risk of pre-catalyst leaks • In-line Dual Catalyst System

9. Emissions Reduction • CSC 2006 Emissions Results • Low CO and HC emissions at WOT • Engine cleanest at WOT • Similar emissions as our 2005 best emissions award winning snowmobile

10. Sound Testing

11. Sound Pass By Testing Track Skirt Hood Barrier Contributions of Components to Overall Noise

12. Frequency Analysis of Sound Engine 1st order Track 2nd order Track

13. Sound Reduction Track Engine • Two Stage Exhaust System • Catalysts • Three Chamber Broadband Muffler • Increased muffler vol by 60% Silent Track Tunnel Stiffeners Direct Sound Barrier

14. Resonance of Tunnel

15. Total Sound Reduction • Predict Sound Power Level of 77.2 dBA sound power based on Pass by Testing, which meets SAE Standard J192 • Track noise greatly decreased by installation of Arctic Cat Silent Track • Engine noise appears to be the only audible snowmobile sound, showing reduction of track noise

16. Additional Features • GPS • Displays street maps that include gas station locations • Evaporative Emissions System • Reduces HC Emissions from thermal cycling of fuel tank

17. Projected Cost • Only $300 higher cost than stock • Based on 5000 sleds per year • Difference between 700 and 900cc 2 stroke Polaris Snowmobiles • $900 for a 15% increase in power

18. Questions?

19. Battery Construction

20. Emissions Testing Modes

21. Emissions

22. Emissions