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Deepening Decentralization in Uganda

Deepening Decentralization in Uganda. Dr. Fumihiko SAITO Ryukoku University, Visiting Professor ASAFAS, Kyoto University. The main purpose of the visit. To examine differences between the situation of 2000 and that of 2006. The 2000 filedwork formed the basis for Saito (2003).

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Deepening Decentralization in Uganda

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  1. Deepening Decentralization in Uganda Dr. Fumihiko SAITO Ryukoku University, Visiting Professor ASAFAS, Kyoto University

  2. The main purpose of the visit • To examine differences between the situation of 2000 and that of 2006. • The 2000 filedwork formed the basis for Saito (2003). • A rare opportunity to see the process of evolving policy implementation. F. Saito Ryukoku University Oct 19 2006 at ASAFAS

  3. F. Saito Ryukoku University Oct 19 2006 at ASAFAS

  4. The RC/LC system F. Saito Ryukoku University Oct 19 2006 at ASAFAS

  5. Typical Structure of District Government F. Saito Ryukoku University Oct 19 2006 at ASAFAS

  6. F. Saito Ryukoku University Oct 19 2006 at ASAFAS

  7. F. Saito Ryukoku University Oct 19 2006 at ASAFAS

  8. Uganda enters into a new phase • Implementation has evolved into a new “phase” which is different from the past. • The policy framework becomes more coherent than before. • More attention paid to the results of decentralization (outcomes) rather than decentralization arrangement itself. F. Saito Ryukoku University Oct 19 2006 at ASAFAS

  9. F. Saito Ryukoku University Oct 19 2006 at ASAFAS

  10. Improved links between different tiers of government • Support from line ministries to local governments. • Support from LC 5 (districts) to LC 3 (sub-countries). • Support to service delivery points. • Political mobility between the center and local levels – stark difference between the situation of 1960s and now. F. Saito Ryukoku University Oct 19 2006 at ASAFAS

  11. F. Saito Ryukoku University Oct 19 2006 at ASAFAS

  12. F. Saito Ryukoku University Oct 19 2006 at ASAFAS

  13. Increased Satisfaction? Source Saito 2003 F. Saito Ryukoku University Oct 19 2006 at ASAFAS

  14. Increased satisfaction? • NSDS 2004, p. 99 • No significant deterioration of public approval from 2000 to 2004 • Afrobarometer round 2 data reports that following % of people saw the improvement of respective services provided by LC 5 in the last five years (p.43). • 77% education • 69% health care MORE satisfaction than dissatisfaction • 64% feeder roads • 54% water and sanitation • 46% agriculture (LESS THAN HALF of the population) MORE dissatisfaction than satisfaction F. Saito Ryukoku University Oct 19 2006 at ASAFAS

  15. Increased satisfaction? • NSDS 2004, p. 99 F. Saito Ryukoku University Oct 19 2006 at ASAFAS

  16. Public perception of local officials • Differences across regions are small. Afrobaromete round 2 data 2002 F. Saito Ryukoku University Oct 19 2006 at ASAFAS

  17. “Decentralization has led to a situation in which everyone has power to influence important decisions made by the local councils.” 44% think so. “Despite decentralization, there are only a few individuals who have the power to influence important decisions made by the local council.“ 49% think so. Afrobarometer round 2 p.43-44. Decentralization for whom? F. Saito Ryukoku University Oct 19 2006 at ASAFAS

  18. Our leaders in the local councils are accountable to the community for the decisions that they make.” 67% agrees “Our leaders in the local councils make decisions without any consideration for what the community wants.” 31% agrees Afrobarometer round 2 p.44. Leaders and accountability F. Saito Ryukoku University Oct 19 2006 at ASAFAS

  19. F. Saito Ryukoku University Oct 19 2006 at ASAFAS

  20. Progressive implementation • LC 3 has more personnel in both quality and quantity. • Uganda Local Government Association helps increase the influences of local governments vis-à-vis the central government, and also facilitates mutual learning. • Harmonization for planning. F. Saito Ryukoku University Oct 19 2006 at ASAFAS

  21. Remaining Concerns- Administration • Increased personnel costs • Creating more districts • Ethnic cleansing of personnel narrows the experiences and perceptions • Replacement of the abolished graduated tax F. Saito Ryukoku University Oct 19 2006 at ASAFAS

  22. Remaining concerns- Political 1 • The Museveni regime started to show ill-effects of its long grip of power. • The increasing tendency of (semi) authoritarian nature of politics. • The predominance of neo-patrimonialism is shown • Creation of more districts. • CAO and top local government officials will be assigned by the central government. F. Saito Ryukoku University Oct 19 2006 at ASAFAS

  23. F. Saito Ryukoku University Oct 19 2006 at ASAFAS

  24. Remaining concerns- Political 2 • The effects of multi-party politics • (Re)introduction of party politics. • New culture of coalition making! • To whom are representatives accountable? • To parties or to constituencies • Separation of LC system/administrative hierarchy from NRM/party. • Ethnic diversity F. Saito Ryukoku University Oct 19 2006 at ASAFAS

  25. Collective Action in the future • NSDS 2004. p.96 F. Saito Ryukoku University Oct 19 2006 at ASAFAS

  26. Collaboration • Local government with NGOs, and others • Health: reasonably well • Education: no longer active? • Agriculture/ NAADS: reverse crowing out? • The irony: the more institutionalized, more superficial. • Leadership does matter • From conventional to facilitative leadership F. Saito Ryukoku University Oct 19 2006 at ASAFAS

  27. F. Saito Ryukoku University Oct 19 2006 at ASAFAS

  28. Collaboration • Contradiction? • Community cohesion and voluntary compliance • Increasing privatization of services F. Saito Ryukoku University Oct 19 2006 at ASAFAS

  29. F. Saito Ryukoku University Oct 19 2006 at ASAFAS

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