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Detecting and Curing Skin Cancer by using Gold Nanoparticles with Photosensitizer

Detecting and Curing Skin Cancer by using Gold Nanoparticles with Photosensitizer. Pui Kam Tse Mentor :Dr. Henry Du Stevens Institute of Technology. Key Terms.

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Detecting and Curing Skin Cancer by using Gold Nanoparticles with Photosensitizer

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  1. Detecting and Curing Skin Cancer by using Gold Nanoparticles with Photosensitizer Pui Kam Tse Mentor :Dr. Henry Du Stevens Institute of Technology

  2. Key Terms • Cancer: cancer develops when cells in the body begin to divide and reproduce abnormally and have the potential to spread through the body. • Nanoparticle: a nanoparticle is a microscopic particle whose size is measured in nanometer (nm). • Photodynamic Therapy (PDT): the use of light to induce reaction in the body which helps treating diseases in patients. • Photosensitizer / Photosensitizing Agent: a drug uses in PDT. • Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS): it is a sensitive vibrational spectroscopy that gives structural information on the molecule and its local interactions

  3. Introduction • There are three types of skin cancer • Basal cell carcinoma (75%) • Squamous cell carcinoma (20%) • Melanoma cell carcinoma (5%)

  4. …Continued How does PDT work?

  5. …ContinuedThe roles of gold nanoparticles and photosensitizer • Gold nonoparticles -have a greater attraction to cancer cells than to healthy cells -raman enhance the cells because gold nanoparticles are very good at scattering and absorbing light • photosensitizer -kills cancer cells by laser excitation

  6. Objectives • Synthesize gold nanoparticles • Apply gold nanoparticles with photosensitizer to healthy cells and skin cancer cells then observe what will happen to both of them • Enhance the PDT effect and drug delivery

  7. Procedures • synthesize gold nanoparticles Citrate: HAuCl4 1 : 1

  8. …Continued • Heat up the solutions by UV light for at least one hour.

  9. Testing the Sizes of Gold Nanoparticles Zetasizer

  10. Sub-culturing Cells (Fibroblasts) • suck out the media from the flask • cover all the cells in the flask with 10 ml trypsin • Incubate it for about 3-5minutes • suck out the trypsin from the flask • put in 8 ml DMEM media to the flask • repeat the steps of sucking in and out to make sure cells do not stick on the wall of the flask • transfer the cell suspension to a sterile centrifuge tube for 3 minutes • remove the supernatant and add new media to the pellet • place the cell suspension into 6 well places • Incubate the well plates for 1 hour and 30 minutes • add gold and silver nonoparticles to the well plates (Experiment 2, add gold nanoparticles with photosensitizer -ALA (Delta-aminolevulinic acid) to the well plates.) • Incubate the well plates for 24 hours (ALA)

  11. Fibroblasts with Gold and Silver NanoparticlesBefore After Fibroblasts + Au fibroblasts Fibroblasts + Ag

  12. MTT (Dimethylthiazol) Test • Suck out the media from well plates • Put in 500μl HBSS in each well plate • Suck out the HBSS • Put in 500μl MTT • Incubate the well plates for 1 hour • Suck out the MTT • Put in 500μl DMSO media in each well plate • Cover the well plates and keep shaking for a few minutes • Transfer the solution into a 96 well plates • Add 100μl DMSO media to two blank well plates as control Plate reader

  13. ProceduresSurface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) Cells SERS

  14. ResultsSizes of Gold Nanoparticles

  15. …Continued MTT Test 1(fibroblasts, Au & Ag nanoparticles)

  16. …Continued

  17. SERS Results

  18. Conclusion • Different concentrations of gold nanoparticles have different colors and sizes. • MTT Test 1 shows the survival rate of cells after adding silver nanoparticles compares to survival rate after adding gold nanoparticles are very close. • Results from MTT Test 2 show that most of the cells survive after adding nanoparticles with photonsensitizer-ALA; therefore, we conclude that without light source ALA is nontoxic to healthy cells. • Raman signal of ALA increases dramatically after adding silver/gold nanoparticles.

  19. Future goals • apply gold nanoparticles and photosensitizer to skin cancer cells and see if gold nanoparticles with photosensitizer can kill the cancer cells efficaciously. • Raman spectrum responses from healthy and diseased cells. • Detect skin cancer cells more easily and precisely through the use of gold nanoparticles.

  20. References • Kneipp, K.2002.Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy in Single Living Cells Using Gold Nanoparticles. Society for Applied Spectroscopy. vol. 56, number 2:pgs 150-154. • Dougherty, T. J and Levy, J .G. Biomedical Photonics Handbook .38-1-13-14. • www.cancer.org • www.photochembgsu.com/applications/therapy.html • www.answers.com • http://www.cancercouncil.com.au/editorial.asp?pageid=57

  21. Acknowledgements • Dr. Sat Bhattacharya • MSKCC • Harlem Children Society • Dr. Henry Du • Dr.Wong • Malcolm • Yun Han • Stevens Institute of Technology • All the people I forgot to mention

  22. Think You !!

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