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Personality Disorders

Definition: Personality Disorder an enduring pattern of maladaptive behaviorfeatures of these disorders usually become recognizable during adolescence or early adult lifeshould not be confused with personality trait. Three Types of Personality Disorders:. Cluster ACluster BCluster C. Cluster A Paranoid, Schizoid, Schizotypal.

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Personality Disorders

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    1. Personality Disorders

    2. -A personality trait is an individual quality that makes one person different from another, but does not constitute abnormal or dysfunctional behavior & never reaches the threshold of personality disorder.-A personality trait is an individual quality that makes one person different from another, but does not constitute abnormal or dysfunctional behavior & never reaches the threshold of personality disorder.

    3. Three Types of Personality Disorders: Cluster A Cluster B Cluster C

    4. Cluster A Paranoid, Schizoid, Schizotypal Defining characteristics of Cluster A: Eccentric Withdrawal behavior

    5. Cluster B Antisocial, Borderline, Histrionic, Narcissistic Defining characteristics of Cluster B: Dramatic Emotional Erratic/explosive Likes to be center of attention

    6. Cluster C Avoidant, Dependent, Obsessive-Compulsive Defining characteristics of Cluster C: Anxious Fearful

    7. Paranoid Personality Disorder Pervasive distrust & suspiciousness of others suspects exploitation or deception of others jealous & envious hypersensitive (reads hidden demeaning or threatening meanings into benign remarks or events) cont.

    8. Paranoid Personality Disorder cont. 3. rigid 4. persistently bears grudges (i.e. unforgiving of insults, injuries, or slights) Paranoid personality trait – person tends to be distrustful for suspicious in limited situations.Paranoid personality trait – person tends to be distrustful for suspicious in limited situations.

    9. Schizoid Personality Disorder Pattern of detachment from social relationships Restricted range of expressions of emotions (cool, aloof, doesn’t react) cont.

    10. neither desires nor enjoys close relationships (including being part of a family) almost always chooses solitary activities has little interest in sexual encounters takes pleasure in few, if any activities appear indifferent to praise or criticism of others Schizoid Personality Disorder cont. Schizoid personality trait – likes being alone, but has friends and engages in activities. Schizoid personality trait – likes being alone, but has friends and engages in activities.

    11. Schizotypal Personality Disorder Demonstrates many symptoms related to those of schizophrenia but of less severe nature cont.

    12. tends to be a loner; excessive social anxiety appearance is odd, eccentric, or peculiar unusual pattern of talking that is vague & abstract Schizotypal Personality Disorder cont. -Individuals with schizotypal personality tend to be superstitious, believe in clairvoyance, telepathy, or “sixth sense”, and have bizarre fantasies. -Schizotypal personality trait – appears and acts a little eccentric, but otherwise “normal”. -Individuals with schizotypal personality tend to be superstitious, believe in clairvoyance, telepathy, or “sixth sense”, and have bizarre fantasies. -Schizotypal personality trait – appears and acts a little eccentric, but otherwise “normal”.

    14. Antisocial Personality Disorder Disregard for and violation of rights of others cont.

    15. unlawful behavior despite potential for arrest deceitfulness (repeated lying, use of aliases, conning for personal profit or pleasure) repeated physical fights or assaults Antisocial Personality Disorder cont. Antisocial personality trait – limited “bully-like” behavior but doesn’t disregard law. Antisocial personality trait – limited “bully-like” behavior but doesn’t disregard law.

    17. Borderline Personality Disorder Demonstrates unpredictability of self-image, in relationships & emotions cont.

    18. frantic efforts to avoid real or imagined abandonment 2. pattern of intense & unstable interpersonal relationships (idealization & devaluation) 3. impulsivity that is potentially self-damaging (spending, sex, substance abuse, reckless driving, binge eating) Borderline Personality Disorder cont. Borderline personality trait – somewhat low self-esteem; no self destructive behavior or suicidal tendencies.Borderline personality trait – somewhat low self-esteem; no self destructive behavior or suicidal tendencies.

    20. Histrionic Personality Disorder Excessive emotions & attention seeking behavior behavior cont.

    21. Histrionic Personality Disorder cont. always wants to be center of attention 2. inappropriate sexually seductive or provocative behavior 3. rapidly shifting & shallow expression of emotions Histrionic personality trait – limited dramatic-type behavior.Histrionic personality trait – limited dramatic-type behavior.

    23. Narcissistic Personality Disorder Attitude that the world exists to meet his/her needs cont.

    24. Narcissistic Personality Disorder cont. sense of self-importance (exaggerates achievements & talents) 2. preoccupied with fantasies of unlimited success, power, beauty, or ideal love 3. believes he/she is “special” has sense of entitlement cont.

    25. requires excessive admiration takes advantage of others to achieve own ends 7. lacks empathy 8. often envious of others or believes that others are envious of him/her 9. arrogant, haughty behavior or attitude Narcissistic Personality Disorder cont. Narcissistic personality trait – vain.Narcissistic personality trait – vain.

    26. Avoidant Personality Disorder Demonstrates pattern of social inhibition feelings of inadequacy hypersensitivity to negative situations cont.

    27. Avoidant personality Disorder cont. avoids interpersonal activities (occupational & social) 2. unwilling to get involved unless certain of being liked 3. shows restraint within intimate relationships (fear of ridicule) Avoidant personality trait – somewhat shy when initially meeting people.Avoidant personality trait – somewhat shy when initially meeting people.

    29. Dependent Personality Disorder Excessive need to be taken care of that leads to submissive & clinging behavior cont.

    30. Dependent Personality Disorder cont. difficulty making decisions without advice & reassurance 2. needs others to assume responsibility for most major areas of life 3. difficulty expressing disagreement with others Dependent personality trait – likes to be with friends, but can work alone.Dependent personality trait – likes to be with friends, but can work alone.

    32. Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder Preoccupation with orderliness & perfectionism cont.

    33. Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder cont. Preoccupied with details, rules, lists, order, organization or schedules to extent that major point of activity is lost 2. Shows perfectionism that interferes with task completion 3. Excessively devoted to work to exclusion of leisure activities & friendships cont.

    34. Reluctant to delegate tasks 5. Over conscientious, inflexible about matters of morality, ethics, or values 6. Unable to discard worn-out worthless objects 7. Rigid & stubborn Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder cont. Obsessive-compulsive personality trait – very organized & neat without being over zealous.Obsessive-compulsive personality trait – very organized & neat without being over zealous.

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