Unlocking disabled people's lives :

1. Unlocking disabled people's lives: the keys to accessible housing Dianne-Dominique Theakstone April 2012

2. Introduction • Key Themes from chapter • Future Prospects for policy, practice and research? Unlocking disabled people's lives: the keys to accessible housing

3. Key Themes • Housing inequalities and disabled people • The Independent Living Movement • Models of disability • Housing Policy and the needs of disabled people • Case study of Scottish Accessible Housing Register Unlocking disabled people's lives: the keys to accessible housing

4. Housing Inequalities and Disabled people • One of most vulnerable groups within society • Aging populations with associated increase of acquired impairments; • Disabled people twice as likely to live in social-renting sector; • Benefits not always recognised as income for mortgages; Unlocking disabled people's lives: the keys to accessible housing

5. Housing Inequalities and Disabled people – cont’d • Construction of housing in inaccessible environments with inaccessible public transport links; • Estimated shortfall of 230,000 accessible properties across Scotland • Estimated 18-20 Million per year spent on adaptations; • Life Time Homes. Unlocking disabled people's lives: the keys to accessible housing

6. The Independent Living Movement • Historical location of disabled people; • UPIAS • Campaigns to live within local communities • Michael Oliver (1990) disability studies as an academic discipline Unlocking disabled people's lives: the keys to accessible housing

7. Models of Disability • Medical model • Social model • Social relational model • Critical Realist Unlocking disabled people's lives: the keys to accessible housing

8. Housing Policy and Disability • Parker Morris report (1963) bench standard for housing construction • Lack of enforcement of policies during 1970s-80s • Housing design standards; Unlocking disabled people's lives: the keys to accessible housing

9. Housing Policy and Disability cont’d • Homeless etc (2003) Act and Scottish Housing Quality Standard (2015) examples of omitting needs of disabled people; • Disability Discrimination Acts (1995, 2006) • Equalities Act (2010) Unlocking disabled people's lives: the keys to accessible housing

10. Scottish Accessible Housing Register (SAHR) - Intro • Scottish Government’s Strategy and Action Plan for Housing 2011-2020 in “Homes Fit for the 21st Century” • National Scottish Accessible Housing Register aims are: • to enable disabled people to access suitable adapted and accessible housing in Scotland; and, • To deliver a housing system which will create opportunities for housing providers to record adapted / accessible housing? Unlocking disabled people's lives: the keys to accessible housing

11. (SAHR) - Objectives • Project undertaken by GCIL and Ownership Options in Scotland; • Based on expanding GCIL’s local Accessible Housing register; • Develop, promote and deliver an on-line housing system; • Disabled people can register their housing needs and housing providers can register available adapted or accessible properties; Unlocking disabled people's lives: the keys to accessible housing

12. (SAHR) – Objectives cont’d • Increase choice and geographical mobility for disabled people; • Resource of housing information and advice; • Envisaged data capturing of supply and demand across sectors. Unlocking disabled people's lives: the keys to accessible housing

13. (SAHR) - Progress • Home2Fit • IT Systems • Operational Board • Launch Unlocking disabled people's lives: the keys to accessible housing

14. Summary • Highlighted housing inequalities experienced by disabled people; • Explored the different models of disability; • Illustrated application of the social model of disability; • Recent times progress towards equality and social inclusion; • Long way to go yet before the walls of exclusion come tumbling down. Unlocking disabled people's lives: the keys to accessible housing

15. Future Prospects • PhD “To what extent do the governance structures in Scotland and Norway facilitate or impede disabled peoples’ access to independent living” Unlocking disabled people's lives: the keys to accessible housing

16. Questions Unlocking disabled people's lives: the keys to accessible housing

17. References • Abberley, P., (1987) “The Concept of Oppression and the Development of a Social Theory Of Disability”. Disability Handicap and Society, Vol 2 no 1:5-19 • Anderson, I. and Sim, D. (eds) (2011) Housing and Inequality. Coventry: Chartered Institute of Housing. • Barnes, C. and Geof, M., (1996) Exploring the divide: illness and disability, Leeds: Disability. • Barnes, C., (1996) “Theories of disability and the origins of the oppression of disabled people in Western society”, in L. Barton (Ed.), Disability and Society: Emerging Issues and Insights, Harlow: Addison Wesley Longman. • Barnes, C. Shakespeare, T. and Mercer, G., (1999) Exploring Disability. A Sociological Introduction, Oxford: Polity Press. • Barnes, C., & Mercer, G. (2005) “Disability, work, and welfare: challenging the social exclusion of disabled people”. Work Employment Society, 19, 527. • Bevan, M. (2002) Housing and disabled children: The art of the possible, (Bristol: Bristol University Press). • Bull, R., (1998) Housing Options for disabled People, London: Jessica Kingsley. • Cronin, C., De Greiff and Habermas, P. J. (1998) The Inclusion of the Other, USA: Polity Press. • Disability in Scotland – a Base line Study. (2001, June 1) University of Glasgow: Glasgow, Scotland, UK. Retrieved April 10, 2012, fromhttp://www.gla.ac.uk/centres/disabilityresearch/index.htm • Glasgow Centre for Inclusive Living. (n.d.) Home page for the Glasgow Centre for Inclusive Living. Retrieved April 10, 2012, from http://www.gcil.org.uk • Hemingway, L (2006) “A ‘Risky’ Business? A study of access to home ownership for disabled people” (Leeds: Centre for Disability Studies). • Hemingway, L. (2011) Disabled People and Housing: Choices, Opportunities and Barriers. Bristol: The Policy Press. • Hunt, J. (2001) “The Union of the Physically Impaired Against Segregation”, Retrieved April 10, 2012 from: www.labournet.net/other/0107/upias1.html • Imrie, R. (1996) Disability and the City. International Perspectives (London: Paul Chapman Publishing ltd). • Imrie, R., (2003) “Housing Quality and the Provision of Accessible Homes”, Housing Studies, Vol. 18, (3), 387-408.  • Imrie, R. (2004) “Disability, Embodiment and The Meaning of Home” (Housing Studies: Vol. 19, No (5), pp.745-463). • Imrie, R. (2006) “Accessible Housing: quality, disability and design” (London: Routledge). Unlocking disabled people's lives: the keys to accessible housing

18. References – cont’d • Joseph Rowntree Foundation (2000) Lifetime Homes. York: Joseph Rowntree Foundation. • Madigan, R. and Milner, J., (1999) “Access for all: housing design and the Disability Discrimination Act 1995”, Critical Social Policy, Vol. 19, (3), Issue No 60, 396-409. • Inclusion (2008) Inclusion Scotland [online]. Retrieved April 10, 2012 from: www.inclusion.scotland.org • Oldman, C. and Beresford, B., (August 2000) “Home, Sick Home: Using the Housing Experience of Disabled Children to Suggest a New Theoretical Framework”, Housing Studies, Vol. 15, (3), 429-442. • Oldman, C. and Beresford, B., (2002) Housing Matters: National evidence relating to disabled children and their housing, Bristol: The Policy Press. • Oliver, M., (1990) The Politics of Disablement, Basingstoke: MacMillan. • Oliver, M (1992) "Changing the Social Relations of Research Production",  Disability, Handicap & Society. 7(2), 101-115 • Oliver, M., and Barnes, C (1998) Disabled People and Social Policy: From Exclusion to Inclusion. London: Longman. • Parsons, T (1951)The Social System.  London: Routledge and Kegan Paul. • Reid Howie Associates (2007) Independent Living In Scotland: A Policy Scoping Study , (Scotland: Disability Rights Commission) • Single Equalities bill. (2010, January 16) Office of Public Sector Information. Retrieved April 10, 2012, from http://www.opsi.gov.uk/acts • Thomas, C., (1999) Female Forms: Experience and Understanding Disability, Buckingham: Open University Press. • UPIAS (1976) “Fundamental Principles of Disability” (London: Union of the Physically Impaired Against Segregation). • Watson, N (2003) “Daily denials the routinisation of oppression and resistance” in Riddell, S. & Watson, N. (eds.) Disability, culture & identity. Harlow: Pearson Education. Unlocking disabled people's lives: the keys to accessible housing