AHSGE Reading Objective I-1

1. AHSGE Reading Objective I-1 Identify Supporting Details Julie Mullins-Turner

2. Supporting Details • Supporting details are statements, descriptions, and facts that support the main idea of a passage. • After you have identified the topic sentence and/or main idea of a passage, you should be able to recognize the supporting details that describe and explain it. • Any evidence given by the writer to support the main idea can be considered a supporting detail. Julie Mullins-Turner

3. Read the following passage: The Toothbrush The toothbrush, an important tool that most of us take for granted, has a long history dating back to 15th-century China. The Chinese then made tiny brushes with the bristly hairs from cold-climate pigs. They used the pig-hair brushes to clean their teeth. Toothbrushes began to be mass-produced in the U.S. in 1885, and the first nylon-bristled brushes came onto the market in 1938. Later, in 1960, the electric toothbrush was invented. Today, we can buy toothbrushes with interchangeable heads, folding travel toothbrushes, and other modern dental equipment designed to help keep our teeth clean and our breath fresh. Julie Mullins-Turner

4. Answer the questions based on what you have just read. • What is one important fact about the history of the toothbrush? A. Today you can buy toothbrushes with interchangeable heads. B. The toothbrush is an important tool that most of us take for granted. C. The first toothbrushes were made in 15th-century China. D. Modern dental equipment can help keep our teeth clean and our breath fresh. * Hint: The main idea is that the toothbrush has a long history. Look for a detail that helps explain that long history. • Which of the following is true about the first toothbrushes? A. They had bristles made from pig hair. B. They were mass-produced. C. They had nylon bristles. D. They were first used on cold climate-pigs. Julie Mullins-Turner

5. Answers: • What is one important fact about the history of the toothbrush? A. Today you can buy toothbrushes with interchangeable heads. B. The toothbrush is an important tool that most of us take for granted. C. The first toothbrushes were made in 15th-century China. D. Modern dental equipment can help keep our teeth clean and our breath fresh. * Hint: The main idea is that the toothbrush has a long history. Look for a detail that helps explain that long history. • Which of the following is true about the first toothbrushes? A. They had bristles made from pig hair. B. They were mass-produced. C. They had nylon bristles. D. They were first used on cold climate-pigs. Julie Mullins-Turner

6. AHSGE Objective I-2 Determine sequence of events. Julie Mullins-Turner

7. Sequence of Events • Sequence is the order in which ideas are arranged, actions are carried out, or events happen. • Writers use different methods of sequencing to help make ideas understandable to the reader. • For instructions, the most logical method of ordering may be step-by-step, or the exact order in which actions should be performed to achieve a specific outcome. • Informational writing (biographies, history books, instructional manuals, recipes) and narrative writing (novels, poems, short stories, plays) usually present events in chronological order. Julie Mullins-Turner

8. Chronological Order • Chronological order arranges events in the order in which they happen in time. Writers often use dates and other time-order words that signal chronological order such as first, next, then, before, yesterday, at the same time, currently, later, finally, afterward, soon, and subsequently. • When analyzing a passage for sequence, pay attention to the order in which actions and events occur, or the order in which steps should be performed. Look for dates and words that are clues to sequence. Julie Mullins-Turner

9. Make an omelet! Put these steps in order: • Fold the eggs over, sealing the cheese inside. • Grate 1 cup of cheese. • Pour eggs and milk into griddle; cook two minutes. • Lightly grease griddle or skillet • Cook 2 more minutes, and remove from heat • Preheat pan (burner on low/medium low) • Mix Three eggs with a splash of milk • Sprinkle cheese on eggs Julie Mullins-Turner

10. Answers: B, G, D, F, C, H, A, E Julie Mullins-Turner

11. Read the following passage:Hanna-Barbera Bill Hanna and Jim Barbera may not be familiar to you, but once you’re aware of their many creations you’ll realize that they were the most important force in the history of animation. If you haven’t heard of them, you may know some of their creations. How about The Flintstones? Scooby-Doo? The Hanna-Barbera team created these cartoon characters as well as Tom and Jerry, Johnny Quest, Yogi-Bear, Josie and the Pussycats, the Jetsons, and many more. Julie Mullins-Turner

12. Hanna and Barbera teamed up in 1937, and they worked together for more than 60 years. Before their careers in animation, Hanna had been an engineer and Barbera a banker. Hanna moved into animation during the Depression. The two met at MGM studios, where they worked in writing and animation. Hanna-Barbera, their production company, opened its doors in 1957. The pair developed a limited animation process that allowed for the timely and cost-efficient production of animated shows. Julie Mullins-Turner

13. Hanna and Barbera became pioneers in television animation with television’s first animated sitcom, The Flintstones, in 1960. They had the foresight to realize that cartoons could work on television as well as in movie theaters. Without their vision, television cartoons would not be what they are today. They brought smiles to children all over the world. Julie Mullins-Turner

14. Answer the following questions based on what you just read. • What did Hanna and Barbera do before they worked in animation? A. They were both engineers. B. One was a banker and the other was a writer. C. One was an engineer and one was a banker. D. They both worked in other areas of television. • After Hanna and Barbera met at MGM studios, what did they do that made them forerunners in the television animation industry? A. They created cartoon teams like Tom and Jerry and Josie and the Pussycats. B. They worked on writing and animation. C. They developed a limited animation process. D. They opened their own production company called Hanna- Barbera. Julie Mullins-Turner

15. Answers: • What did Hanna and Barbera do before they worked in animation? A. They were both engineers. B. One was a banker and the other was a writer. C. One was an engineer and one was a banker. D. They both worked in other areas of television. • After Hanna and Barbera met at MGM studios, what did they do that made them forerunners in the television animation industry? A. They created cartoon teams like Tom and Jerry and Josie and the Pussycats. B. They worked on writing and animation. C. They developed a limited animation process. D. They opened their own production company called Hanna- Barbera. Julie Mullins-Turner