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AHSGE Remediation Standards I-III

AHSGE Remediation Standards I-III. I-1. STANDARD I: OBJECTIVE 1. Identify and evaluate America’s exploration, development, and divergence. Pre-Colonial Experiences. Question:

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AHSGE Remediation Standards I-III

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  1. AHSGE Remediation Standards I-III

  2. I-1 STANDARD I: OBJECTIVE 1. Identify and evaluate America’s exploration, development, and divergence.

  3. Pre-Colonial Experiences Question: What European movement resulted in exposure to Middle Eastern and Asian goods (after a failed attempt to take away the Holy Lands from Muslims? 

  4. Crusades(AHSGE): Holy Wars between European Christians and Middle East Muslims to regain the Holy Lands. Crusade map This exposed Europe to Eastern foods, spices, and clothing.

  5. SOME MAIN CAUSES • PROTECTION OF PILGRIMS • HOLY LAND RELIEF… • TO INCREASE POWER/WEALTH… • TO INCREASE LAND HOLDINGS… • RELIGIOUS RIGHTEOUSNESS… • POWER OF PAPACY…

  6. RESULTS OF 1ST CRUSADE SARACENS MASSACRED IN JERUSALEM 4 CHRISTIAN STATES ESTABLISHED VICTORY FOR CHRISTENDOM JERUSALEM TAKEN…

  7. ALL ENDED IN FAILURE EXCEPT THE FIRST... 1095 - 1102...

  8. Question: What European movement resulted in new art, technology, and a return to classical thought? 

  9. Renaissance (AHSGE): “rebirth;” Spread of intellectual ideas and literature. The Renaissance sailor first took to the seas to supply Europeans with the many Asian spices they demanded. Peppercorns, nutmeg, mace, and cinnamon all came from lands to the east. Also from the East came precious gems and fine silk, a fabric especially sought after for women's clothing. These trading voyages were often paid for by investors.

  10. When? Some scholars say the 12th century“Early” 1417-1494“High” 1495-1527“Late” 1527-1600 Florence, first.Italian states: Milan, Naples, and Rome.Spread to Northern Europe: Netherlands and Flanders

  11. What European movement resulted in the rise of the protestant religion?  Reformation (AHSGE): The Reformation officially began in 1517, with Martin Luther pinning 95 Thesis on the Wittenburg Cathedral's church door. It started as attempts to reform the Catholic Church from within.  The critique, however, soon developed its own momentum, and led to the founding of many of new religious denominations.

  12. Causes of the Reformation • Immediate Causes • Merchant wealth challenged the church’s view of usury. • German and English nobility disliked Italian domination of the Church. • The Church’s great political power and wealth caused conflict. • Church corruption and the sale of the indulgences were widespread and caused conflict.

  13. The Reformers • Martin Luther • • Believed in salvation by faith alone • • Posted the 95 theses • • Led the movement that gave birth to the Protestant • Church • John Calvin • • Believed in predestination • • Expanded Protestant movement • King Henry VIII • • Dismissed authority of the popes in Rome • • Divorced, broke with the Catholic Church • Formed the Church of England

  14. What term is used to describe the exchange of goods between Europe and the Americas after Columbus's discovery?  Columbian Exchange (AHSGE): Exchange of goods between Europe and the Americas, including agricultural products and diseases.

  15. Europe to Latin America wheat melons onions grapes (wine) sugarcane apples lettuce bananas dandelions, daisies horses pigs cattle sheep goats Latin America to Europe  pumpkins  beans (lima, kidney, string,)  potatoes maize tobacco chocolate  guinea pigs  turkeys  rubber peanuts avocados pineapples  tomatoes chiggers  measles

  16. Destabilization of the Native American Societies (AHSGE): Native American cultures were seriously impacted by disease (killing millions) and conflicts with Europeans, especially the Conquistadors. Northeast American Indians: because of political and linguistics differences, they were never able to successfully organize or unite against the Europeans.

  17. Trace, compare, and explain the significance of early European conquests, Trace, compare, and explain the significance of early European conquests, colonization, and business ventures. What were the Spanish explorers called who searched for "God, gold, and glory"? 

  18. Conquistadors (AHSGE) European explorers who explored the New World for the following reasons (God, Gold, Glory): A. Sea route to the Far East for trade goods B. Quest for new lands C. Desire for wealth (gold and silver) D. Spread of Christianity Their purpose and some examples follow the next few slides:

  19. II. Explorers A. Christopher Columbus, an Italian employed by Spain 1. Believed the world was a sphere, but was wrong with distances 2. Planned to reach the East Indies (hence, "Indians") by sailing west 3. Made four voyages to America a. 1492 landed on San Salvador b. Other include 1493, 1497, 1502 c. Died convinced that he had found new passage to East Indies SEE notes

  20. B. Hernando de Soto discovered the Mississippi river (1 5 3 9)

  21. C. Amerigo Vespucci 1. Sailed down coast of Brazil and new world (1499) 2. Helped give America its name

  22. D. Vasco de Balboa--discovered Pacific Ocean (1513)

  23. E. Ponce de Leon --- explored Florida peninsula (1 513)

  24. F. Ferdinand Magellan-first to sail around the world (1519-1522)

  25. G. Hernando Cortez--conquered Mexico (1521)

  26. H. John Cabot --- first to claim North America for British (1497) I. Francis Drake---explored west coast of Americas (1577-1580) J. Henry Hudson-Hudson river (1609)

  27. What was the name of the first American settlement in 1565 by Europeans?  St. Augustine (AHSGE): Founded in 1565, St. Augustine is the oldest continuously occupied settlement of European origin in the United States. Forty-two years before the English colonized Jamestown and fifty-five years before the Pilgrims landed at Plymouth Rock, the Spanish established at St. Augustine this nation's first enduring settlement.

  28. Colonial America What was the first successful English settlement in the New World (1607)?  Jamestown (AHSGE): 1st successful permanent British colony in North America seal of the Virginia Company

  29.   A.  London Company granted a charter by King James, after peace treaty with Spain B.  Jamestown barely survives 1. John Smith organizes work gangs 2. J.S. establishes rules of sanitation 3. J.S. imposes military discipline. See notes

  30. What was the legislature of the Virginia colony called (the first representative government in the New World)?  House of Burgesses (AHSGE) First representative government group in the American colonies. Famous delegates include Patrick Henry, Thomas Jefferson, and George Washington. The House met for the first time at Jamestown. It was July 30, 1619.

  31. • Identify the critical economic and political events leading to the colonial separation from England. What was the main reason for the American colonies protestation against British rule?  Taxation (AHSGE): the issue of “taxation without representation” led to colonial separation from England. Representation vs. Virtual Representation— a. the argument centered over the question of whether Parliament’s decisions reflected colonial interests b. Many American colonists felt that Parliament could regulate trade but could not tax colonists

  32. What war put the English into debt and forced them to tax and closely monitor the troops in Boston?  French and Indian War (AHSGE): Would end “salutary neglect” of the British colonies and lead to demand by Britain for the colonists to pay taxes to support the military costs (see slide “taxation” below).

  33. French & Indian War A. Reasons: Long term tensions between French and British; previous warssee notes B. William Pitt: promised the colonies that if they provided the men, Parliament would provide the funding; extremely popular with the colonies C. Iroquis: their attempts to play the French and the British against each other would no longer work at the end of the war; they would lose land and influence

  34. Treaty of Paris 1763—Ended the War 1.Britain gained Florida (from Spain for Cuba) and Canada and became supreme in eastern North America 2.Spain gained Louisiana territory and New Orleans

  35. Results of the war 1. France lost her Empire in North America 2. Colonies learned to fight a common foe 3. Proclamation of 1763 which set a boundary along the crest of the Appalachians for which the English could not cross 4. End of salutary neglect which the colonies had previously used to acquire needed products from other countries.

  36. Lack of Free Trade (AHSGE): Factor that would lead to the colonies separating from England; Britain would try to maintain the policy of mercantilism by controlling colonial trade through the Navigation Acts.

  37. What occurred in 1770 that resulted in 5 colonists being shot and killed by British troops in Boston? 

  38. Boston Massacre (AHSGE): British soldiers shoot into a crowd of colonists because of tensions between the two groups; help lead to the American Revolution. Paul Revere color print

  39. READ NOTES

  40. In 1773 Bostonians protested the Tea Act by staging what famous event? What act of colonial protestation resulted in the Coercive (Intolerable) Acts being passed by the British parliament? 

  41. Boston Tea Party (AHSGE): Colonist dumped tea in response to the tea act. Parliament respond by passing the punitive Intolerable Acts. Coercive or Intolerable Acts—designed to punish Boston and Massachusetts A. Mass. Govt. Act: Restructured the Massachusetts government, restricted town meetings B. Boston Port Act: Closed Boston Harbor until damages paid and order restored C.   Administration of Justice Act: Permitted officials who killed Americans to be put on trial in England

  42. IV. Tea Act A. Lowered price of tea by eliminating all import duties for tea into England and letting the company sell directly to consumers B. Discontent because it was still a tax on tea and custom duties collected on it would be used to pay the salaries of royal governors C. Boston Tea Party (read notes)

  43. The first skirmishes of the Revolutionary War occurred in what two towns? Lexington and Concord (April 1775)(AHSGE): First skirmishes between colonial forces and the British occurred in these two towns. The colonists had been warned the night before by Paul Revere. See notes

  44. The "shot heard 'round the world"

  45. II-1 II-1 Recognize and comprehend the impact of the influences of intellectual and religious thought on political systems (6 questions). • Identify and describe the impact and the influence of the intellectual and religious thought on the political systems of the United States.

  46. Question: What famous English document (signed in 1215 by King John I) was the beginning point for representative government and protection of individual rights? 

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