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Precision Agriculture for Insect and Plant Disease Management

Precision Agriculture for Insect and Plant Disease Management. Purpose. To use updated information that will help the farmer make decisions to: Save Time Save money. Insect Management Techniques. Prevention Crop rotation Resistant hosts Planting Times Planting crops to specifically

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Precision Agriculture for Insect and Plant Disease Management

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  1. Precision Agriculture for Insect and Plant Disease Management

  2. Purpose • To use updated information that will help the farmer make decisions to: • Save Time • Save money

  3. Insect Management Techniques • Prevention • Crop rotation • Resistant hosts • Planting Times • Planting crops to specifically attract problem insects • Economic Injury Level (EIL) (Pedigo, Rice, p. 255, 2006) • Is the cost of fixing the problem going to eat into your profit. • EIL =Gain Threshold/ Loss per Insect x Amount of loss avoided (Pedigo, et al p.259, 2006) http://www.agandenvironment.com/images/topic/topic_croprotation.jpg

  4. Insect Management Techniques • Growing Degree Days • “. . . a minimum temperature or threshold temperature below which no growth or development can take place”(Berberet, Mulder, p. 7177.1, OSU Current Report) • For every day that is over 50°F, growing degree days are accumulated. • Alfalfa Weevil (Berberet, Mulder Current Report) • 30 stem count of larva • Height of alfalfa • GDD http://www.ipm.uiuc.edu/fieldcrops/insects/alfalfa_weevil/images/alfalfa_weevil_larva.jpg

  5. Insect Management Techniques • Mesonet • http://okmesonet.ocs.ou.edu/ • Different models to use for making decisions on when to spray. • Has growing degree days already calculated. • Easy to use, and fast. • Advantage to Oklahoma growers.

  6. Insect Management Techniques • Soil Sampling • Knowing the soil in the field is crucial for many aspects of farming, including insect management. • Soil Map (Berberet, 1986) • Lesser Cornstalk Borer prefers sandysoils. • Corn Root Worm prefers loam soils. • http://www.ento.okstate.edu/ddd/insects/lessercornstalkborer.htm

  7. Insect Management Techniques • Border Sprays(Berberet) • Insects can overwinter next to the field. • No need to spray the whole field. • Damage by grasshoppers moving in from the border of an alfalfa field. http://alfalfa.okstate.edu/images/insects/g-hop-04.jpg

  8. Insect Management Techniques • Spraying specific areas where pests are prevalent is more efficient. • Direct Sprayers • Row Banding

  9. Global Positioning System • Can be used to determine the amount of insect damage. • Not efficient for determining the early stages of insect infestation. • May be developed for more direct use in pest management sometime in the future.

  10. Disease Control in Crops • Certified Seed • Resistance to disease • Clean up of crop debris • Crop rotation • Fungicide • Mesonet (Agrios, pp. 350-351)

  11. Old Sprayers • http://entweb.clemson.edu/pesticid/100years/B1-4.jpg • http://entweb.clemson.edu/pesticid/100years/B1-4.jpg

  12. Air-Curtain Sprayer Sprayers http://www.ars.usda.gov/is/graphics/photos/apr97/k7603-1i.jpg

  13. Sprayers • Hooded Sprayer http://www.mda.state.mn.us/appd/ace/images/hooded.jpg

  14. Conclusion • The use of precision in insect and plant disease management is profitable and smart. • Decisions that are based on reliable and accurate information increases the quality of farming. • Having an open mind to new ideas and technologies can help conquer the challenges of the future.

  15. References • Dr. Richard Berberet, OSU Entomology Department • http://www3interscience.wiley.com/cgibin/fulltext/104534518/main.html.journal-article.ht • Agrios, G.N. (2005). Plant pathology (5th Edition). Burlington, Massachussetts: Elsevier Academic Press • Berberet, R.C.,Peters, D.C., Wall R.G. (1986). The lesser cornstalk borer in peanuts (Bulletin B-778). Department of Entomology Agriculture Experiment Station Division of Agriculture Oklahoma State University • Berberet, R., Mulder, P. Current report (CR-7177). Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service • Pedigo, L..P., Rice, M.E. (2006). Entomology and pest management (5th Edition). Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson Education, Inc • http://www.3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/fulltext/104534518/main.html pulled 4-/5/2006 (p.5) pulled 4/5/2006 • http://www.agandenvironment.com/images/topic/topic_croprotation.jpg • http://www.ipm.uiuc.edu/fieldcrops/insects/alfalfa_weevil/images/alfalfa_weevil_larva.jpg • http://www.mda.state.mn.us/appd/ace/images/hooded.jpg • http://www.ento.okstate.edu/ddd/insects/lessercornstalkborer.htm • http://alfalfa.okstate.edu/images/insects/g-hop-04.jpg • http://okmesonet.ocs.ou.edu • http://www.ars.usda.gov/is/graphics/photos/apr97/k7603-1i.jpg • http://entweb.clemson.edu/pesticid/100years/B1-4.jpg

  16. Questions?

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