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CHEMICAL SAFETY IN SCHOOLS a perspective

CHEMICAL SAFETY IN SCHOOLS a perspective. Hazardous Chemical Incident. Methylisocyanate (MIC) incident at Bhopal, India 3,300 people killed immediately; 16,000 after ten years 40 tons of MIC released that covered 20 Km 2 Over 500,000 people suffered effects of gas

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CHEMICAL SAFETY IN SCHOOLS a perspective

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  1. CHEMICAL SAFETYIN SCHOOLSa perspective

  2. Hazardous Chemical Incident • Methylisocyanate (MIC) incident at Bhopal, India • 3,300 people killed immediately; 16,000 after ten years • 40 tons of MIC released that covered 20 Km2 • Over 500,000 people suffered effects of gas • Ground water hazard for ten years

  3. Physical Hazards Explosives Compressed gases Flammable and combustible liquids Flammable solids Oxidizers Poisons Radioactive Corrosives Health Hazards Asphyxiant Carcinogen Irritant Corrosive Sensitizer Toxic Agent Hazardous Chemicals Any chemical (solid, liquid, gas) that can cause harm to people and their surroundings

  4. Hazardous Chemicals • Commercial hazardous chemicals • Household hazardous chemicals • Hazardous materials locations

  5. Typical Hazardous Chemical Locations • Chemical plants • Warehouses • Tank farms • Truck, shipping, airline terminals • Weapons depots • Hospitals • Laboratories • Truck, shipping, airline terminals • Nuclear plants • Maintenance facilities

  6. Type of Hazardous Chemicals • Solid • Arsenic, Cyanide, Pesticides, Pyrophorics, Explosives • Liquid • Acid, Caustics, Flammables, Solvents, Organic Toxins, Pesticides, Medicines • Gas • CO, Chlorine, Phosgene, Ammonia

  7. Solid Chemicals–Hazards • Entry: ingestion, skin, inhalation • Often highly concentrated • Generally immobile • Usually requires secondary carrier • Water • Fire • Explosion

  8. Liquid Chemicals–Hazards • Entry: skin, ingestion, injection • Often concentrated • Mobile and often water soluble • Can form toxic vapors • Can use secondary carrier • Food and water • Fire • Explosion

  9. Toxic Gases–Hazards • Entry: respiratory, eyes, skin, ingestion • Rapid route into the body • Very mobile • Can be produced by a liquid or solid, or compressed form • Deceptive and quick

  10. Effects of Hazardous Chemicals • Any substance that can result in harmful effects • Immediate (acute) • Delayed (minutes or hours) • Long Term (chronic) • Temporary effects • Permanent effects

  11. Toxic Chemical Routes of Entry Eyes Skin Respiratory tract Ingestion Injection

  12. Intensity of Effects • Varies by • Type of chemical • Exposure (time X amount) • Physical health • Age • Weather (wind, temperature, rain)

  13. Coughing Constricted pupils, red teary eyes Bleeding or hemorrhaging Strong or unusual smell Strange behavior Convulsions Unconsciousness Symptoms

  14. Symptoms • Difficulty breathing • Blurred vision • Runny eyes and nose • Slurred speech, disorientation • Skin irritation • Nausea • Sudden headache • Weakness If you experience these symptoms, seek medical attention immediately

  15. SAFETY IN CHEMISTRY

  16. Activity - General Hazards - Precautions - - All school laboratories should have the following; laboratory hood if toxic, volatile chemicals are used; eyewash fountains, emergency showers (if concentrated acids, bases or other corrosive chemicals are present); first aid kits, proper fire extinguishers; protective goggles, gloves and lab coats, proper disposal receptacles and procedures; spill control kit. Avoid carcinogens, mutagens and highly toxic chemicals like mercury, lead, cadmium, chlorine gas, etc.

  17. Activity - Organic Chemistry Hazards - Solvents Precautions- Use only in laboratory hood Use least toxic solvents Do semi-micro or microscale experiments.

  18. Activity - Organic Chemistry Hazard - Peroxides and explosives Precautions - Do not use explosive or Chemicals such as ether which can form explosive peroxides.

  19. Activity - Inorganic Chemistry Hazards - Acids and Bases Precautions - Avoid concentrated acids and bases when possible

  20. Activity - Analytical Chemistry Hazards - Hydrogen sulphide Precautions - Do not use hydrogen sulphide. Use substitutes

  21. Activity - Storage Hazards - Incompatibilities Precautions- Avoid alphabetical storage, which can place incompatible chemicals in close proximity Store chemicals by compatible groups.

  22. Eyes Ears Head Respiratory system Hands Feet Whole body Seven Personal Protective Equipment Categories

  23. Eye Protection PPE • Safety glasses, safety goggles, face shields, welding helmets and full-face respirators • Physical hazards: Fire, heat/cold, explosions, punctures, lacerations, abrasions and the absorption of chemicals • Health hazards: Acute and chronic health effects ranging from immediate blindness to a delayed infection of the eyes

  24. Respiratory Protection PPE • Air purifying respirators (APRs), supplied-air respirators (SARs) & oxygen breathing apparatus (OBAs) • Physical hazards: Dusts, mists, fumes, gases, and extreme heat and cold • Health hazards: Biological agents, lack of oxygen, toxic and flammable materials

  25. Hand Protection PPE • Gloves can provide protection from: • Physical hazards: Heat, cold, punctures, lacerations, and burns • Health hazards: Acute or chronic disease caused by chemical or biological material being absorbed through, or entering through openings in the skin of the hands

  26. Whole Body Protective Clothing The three body protective clothing for Chemicals is classified into protective Levels A, B, C & D

  27. Did you Know? • An improvised mask made by soaking a clean cloth in a solution of one table spoon of baking soda in a cup of water can provide some protection against chemical & biological agents. • Covering all parts of body will protect against contact hazards.

  28. The End

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