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Computer Hardware & Software

Computer Hardware & Software. CPU: Central Processing Unit. Like the computer’s brain A small chip that performs calculations & carries out instructions given to the computer The speed of a CPU is measured in Megahertz (MHz)-millions of CPU’s per second

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Computer Hardware & Software

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  1. Computer Hardware & Software

  2. CPU: Central Processing Unit • Like the computer’s brain • A small chip that performs calculations & carries out instructions given to the computer • The speed of a CPU is measured in • Megahertz (MHz)-millions of CPU’s per second • Gigahertz (GHz)-billions of CPU’s per second

  3. Bits, Bytes & Binary Numbers • Bit-smallest unit of information; either a 1 or 0 • Byte=8 Bits-building block for all information that flows through the computer. • Binary Numbers-a string of 1’s and 0’s that data is turned into so the computer can understand

  4. Hardware • The collection of physical devices that makes up your computer system; also known as components. • Examples: Speakers, Keyboard, Monitor, Microphone, Modem, Printer, Hard Drive, Mouse, Disk Drive

  5. Input & Output Devices • Input Devices: Devices that allow the user to enter information intothe computer. • Keyboard, Mouse, Scanner, Digital Camera, Joystick • Output Devices: Devices that deliverinformation back to the user from the computer. • Monitor, Printer, Speakers

  6. Computer Memory & Storage Devices • RAM (Random Access Memory)- short term memory; RAM is used when you log on your computer and access software. • ROM (Read-Only Memory)- permanent information on your computer; built in instructions to tell the computer how to start up or shut down.

  7. Computer Memory & Storage Devices • Types of Storage Devices • Hard Drive: Major storage device of the computer • Flash Drives: Portable devices that can plug into the USB port of the computer • CD’s & DVD’s: Portable devices that can hold large amounts of information such as music or videos • Floppy Disk: Portable device that holds small amounts of information such as text documents

  8. Software • Set of instructions that makes it possible for your computer to perform tasks. • Translates the commands you give into binary numbers so the computer can understand. • Also called a program or application.

  9. Software • Types of Software • Operating System (OS) software: the main program that makes your computer work • Microsoft Windows • Mac OS • Linux • Handheld OS (PDA’s, MP3’s, Iphone) • Application software: lets you do different tasks on your computer, such as type a report or send e-mail • Microsoft Office • Utility software: helps to control your computer and keep it in good running condition • Spyware • Program Updates

  10. Computer Network • A group of computers connected together. • Allows people to share information and resources • Printers, storage devices, internet connections • A network server is a powerful computer that makes it possible for many users to share information and resources.

  11. Websites • A specific location on the web that contains a collection of related files and resources • Web Addresses: the address of the website • Also called a URL-Uniform Resource Locator

  12. Getting Connected • You need: • A computer, Internet Service Provider (ISP), modem & communication software • Modem: a device that lets your computer send data to and receive data from other computers over a network • ISP: Internet Service Provider is the company that sells you access to the internet.

  13. Web Browser • A software program that lets you surf the Web and interact with websites. • Internet Explorer • Safari • Mozilla Firefox • Google Chrome

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