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『資訊檢索技術的新驅勢』研討會 智慧型代理人 Intelligent Agents

『資訊檢索技術的新驅勢』研討會 智慧型代理人 Intelligent Agents. 許永真 臺灣大學資訊工程研究所 October 22, 1998. Outline. Agents: An Introduction Agent-Oriented Software Design Prototype Agents Email Agent Personal Information Search Agent AutoPrint Agents Bibliography Agent Concluding Remarks. The Problem.

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『資訊檢索技術的新驅勢』研討會 智慧型代理人 Intelligent Agents

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  1. 『資訊檢索技術的新驅勢』研討會智慧型代理人Intelligent Agents 許永真 臺灣大學資訊工程研究所 October 22, 1998

  2. Outline • Agents: An Introduction • Agent-Oriented Software Design • Prototype Agents • Email Agent • Personal Information Search Agent • AutoPrint Agents • Bibliography Agent • Concluding Remarks

  3. The Problem If agents are the solution..... .....What is the problem? People are constantly suffering from • Too much work • Too much information • Too little time • Almost everything you need is there, but you simply can’t get it (done)!

  4. Using Computers Today • Sample task: Print out the paper attached in a mail received today. • Metaphor: computers as tools • Direct manipulation • Passive • Bloatware: big, fat software • Graphical, but non-intelligent interface • Lack of inter-application communications

  5. An Alternative View “The situation that a computer user faces today is completely different. Suddenly the computer is a window into a world of information, people, and software… And this world is vast, unstructured, and completely dynamic. It’s no longer the case that a person can be in control of this world and master it….” P. Maes (1997)

  6. Software Agents • Software that is • proactive • personalized, and • adapted • Software that can actually • act on behalf of people • take initiative, and • make suggestions • Metaphor: personal assistant • delegation • indirect management

  7. Essential Features of Agents • Autonomous • Personalized (user-centered) • Task/goal-oriented • Communicative • Collaborative • Reactive to environmental changes • Evolutionary/adaptive

  8. Domain Problem End User Software Design as Problem Solving Software Designer

  9. Software Design Models • Ad hoc software development • Waterfall approach • Structured programming • Object-oriented programming • Distributed/networked programming • Agent-oriented programming

  10. Computer The Soloist Model programmer

  11. paper.tar.gz Host A Host B pdf2ps uncompress uncompress gunzip latex gunzip dvips lpr pdf2ps Host C Host D

  12. Computer Computer Computer The Conductor Model programmer

  13. Agent Agent Agent The Manager Model End User Interface Agent

  14. Agent-Oriented Design • Design a collection of agents • Interface agents • Task agents • Service agents • An agent communication mechanism • Communication language • Communication protocol • Multi-agent framework • Plug-and-play architecture

  15. Service Agent Server Task Agent Interface Agent Task Agent Client Server Service Agent Task Agent Task Agent Server Service Agent Multi-Agent Architecture

  16. Client-Agent-Server Model • Clients request for • Information • Goal achievements • Servers provide • Data • Services/Resources • Agents • Data --> Information --> Knowledge • Services --> Sequence of actions, i.e. Plans

  17. Agent-based Service Framework • Share resources across the network • Avoid unnecessary duplications • Automate task execution • Avoid tedious/erroneous manual process • Personalize services • Personal/group profile management

  18. Email Agent Key functionality: • Classification • Prioritization • Require minimal user feedback • Update user preferences

  19. Personal Information Search Agent Functionality: • Personalized query refinement • Online feedback Architecture: • Meta search • Proxy-based • Authentication

  20. The Myth about Keywords • Relevant information can be found using keyword-based methods. e.g. • Search for relevant documents • Filter undesirable information • Extract useful information • Are keywords sufficient to satisfy most of our informational needs?

  21. The Information Food Chain [Etzioni,1997] • Agent-based intelligent services • Softbots: personal assistants for • email • white page • shopping • entertainment recommendation etc. • Search Engines, Indices & Directories • Spiders & Software Robots • World Wide Web

  22. PrintAgent uncompress UcpopPlanner print2hp5 uncompress dvi2ps R120 R217 agent:SunOs 4 ntucsv:SunOs 5 ntucsn:SunOS 4 Router super:SunOs 5 dvi2ps gunzip pdf2ps print2hp5 uncompress gunzip hp5 sparc AutoPrint Agents Functionality: • script generation • service allocation • resource sharing Features: • Autonomous • Fault tolerant • Flexible

  23. Web DBLP Agent BibDB BibTeX Agent Interface Agent Library Agent Libraries User URL Agent Search Agent Yahoo Alta Vista Lycos Agent Request Broker InfraStructure Bibliography Agents

  24. Concluding Remarks • Agents will change the way we • Design and use software • Utilize shared computational resources • Essential features of software agents • Autonomous • User/task-oriented • Distributed/collaborative • IR techniques help build better agents • Agent technology can support intelligent & personalized information retrieval

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