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Thermistor. Qualitative signal Measurement of the temperature of inspired and expired airflow No linear correlation with ventilation Unreliable for hypopnea detection. Nasal cannula. Curvilinear relationship between pressure and flow Good sensitivity to detect hypopnea and flow limitation
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Thermistor • Qualitative signal • Measurement of the temperature of inspired and expired airflow • No linear correlation with ventilation • Unreliable for hypopnea detection
Nasal cannula • Curvilinear relationship between pressure and flow • Good sensitivity to detect hypopnea and flow limitation • Mouth opening reduces performance
Measuring oronasal airflow Thermistors : monitor temperature, not flow • Nasal cannulae : • P~ V²
Inductive Plethysmography Quantitative: requires titration, can’t last overnight Semi-quantitative: reliable for clinical use
Piezo sensors and strain gauges Qualitative In hypopnea detection should be linked to other signals To be placed where maximal excursion of thorax and abdomen are detected
Continuous Snoring Intermittent Snoring
Nasal cannula Normal flow Cardiogenic oscillations (central apnea) Flow limitation Mouth opening
Thoraco-abdominal Movements Paradoxical Movements Movements in phase
EEG O1A2 EEG C3A2 EOG sx EOG dx EMG ECG flow thorax abd. SaO2
Different sensors give different information Hernandez, L. et al. Chest 2001;119:442-450
RERA Flow limitation