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Orthodontic cephalometrics 1 st Dec.2014

Orthodontic cephalometrics 1 st Dec.2014. Dr.Gyan P.Singh Associate Professor Department of Orthodontics&Dentofacial Orthopaedics. In 1931 Brodbent in USA and Hofrath in Germany simultaneously presented a standardized cephalometric technique . Cephalogram are of two types:

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Orthodontic cephalometrics 1 st Dec.2014

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  1. Orthodontic cephalometrics1st Dec.2014 Dr.Gyan P.Singh Associate Professor Departmentof Orthodontics&Dentofacial Orthopaedics

  2. . In 1931 Brodbent in USA and Hofrath in Germany simultaneously presented a standardized cephalometric technique. Cephalogram are of two types: Lateral cephalogram Frontal cephalogram Cephalometrics-Dr.Gyan P.Singh 2

  3. Principles Cephalogram film size is 8x 10 inch Kvp = 80 MA = 12 Time = 0.5 sec Distance between radiograph source and mid- sagittal plane is= 5 feet The distance between the mid- sagittal plane of the patient and the radiograph=15 cms Cephalometrics-Dr.Gyan P.Singh 3

  4. Cephalostate Machine Cephalometrics-Dr.Gyan P.Singh 4

  5. INDICATIONS & USES OF CEPHALOGRAM Severity of dental malocclusion Severity of skeletal malocclusion Identify the location of the dysplasia Evaluate soft tissue and its relationship with dental hard tissue and skeleton of face Cephalometrics-Dr.Gyan P.Singh 5

  6. 4.Aids in treatment planning decision on extraction/ growth modification/surgical 5. Stage and post-treatment cephalograms are taken to monitor progress of treatment. 6.Added advantage of using CVMI to know the status of the growth. 7. Design and plan retention strategy. Cephalometrics-Dr.Gyan P.Singh 6

  7. . Cephalometric landmarks Anatomic : Nasion, Orbitale, Sella,Menton Derived : Gonion, Gnathion Unilateral : Sella, Point A, Point B Bilateral : Orbitale , Gonion, Porion Cephalometrics-Dr.Gyan P.Singh 7

  8. . Nasion - Most anterior point on frontonasal suture mid- saggital plane Sella – Cenre of sella turcica Orbitale – Lower-most point of the bony orbit Cephalometrics-Dr.Gyan P.Singh 8

  9. . Name , Age, Sex& Date Nasion Sella Orbitale Cephalometrics-Dr.Gyan P.Singh 9

  10. Porion – Highest bony point on the upper margin of external auditory meatus. Point A – Deepest point in the midline between the anterior nasal spine and alveolar crest between the central incisor. Point B – Deepest point in midline between the alveolar crest of mandible and the mental process. Cephalometrics-Dr.Gyan P.Singh 10

  11. . Name , Age, Sex& Date Porion Point A Point B Cephalometrics-Dr.Gyan P.Singh 11

  12. . ANS : The most anterior point of the tip of anterior nasal spine in midsaggital plane PNS : A constructed point , intersection of the continuation of anterior wall of pterygo-maxillary fissure and nasal floor. Pogonion - the most anterior point of chin in the midsaggital plane Cephalometrics-Dr.Gyan P.Singh 12

  13. . Name , Age, Sex& Date ANS PNS Pogonion Cephalometrics-Dr.Gyan P.Singh 13

  14. Menton – Most inferior point of the outline of symphysisin mid-saggital plane Gnathion – Anterio- inferior point on bony chin Gonion - Constructed point at the intersection of the lines tangent to the posterior border of the ramus and the lower border of the mandible Cephalometrics-Dr.Gyan P.Singh 14

  15. . Name , Age, Sex& Date Gonion Gnathion Menton Cephalometrics-Dr.Gyan P.Singh 15

  16. MCQ: 1. Cephalostat was introduced by Margolis & William Wilson in 1925 Tweed & Mills in 1940 Bjork & Sassouni 1995 Broadbent & Hofrath in 1932 2. In lateral cephalometrics, the distance at which source and object are placed from mid-sagittal plane is 50 inches 60 inches (C) 75 inches (D) 90 inches 16

  17. 3.Which of the following statement regarding lateral cephalogram is true Right side is towards the tube Left side is towards the cassette Left side of face is viewed clearly All of them 4. Which of the following landmark is not located in the mandible Pogonion Gnathion (C) Menton (D) Porion 17

  18. 5.Gonion,Menton,Pogonion are cephalometric landmarks located on Midline Mandible (C)Bony chin (D)Profile skeletal 6. Nasion is situated at Frontonasal suture Zygomatic process Orbital floor None of the above 18

  19. 7.The deepest point between the anterior nasal spine and superior prosthion is Infraspinale Subspinale Supranasal Gnathion 8. The most anterior part of bony chin Gonion Menton Pogonion Porion 19

  20. 9. Unilateral landmark on lateral cephalogram Nasion Gonion Porion Orbitale 10. The bilateral landmark on the lateral cephalogram Basion Pogonion Gonion Nasion 20

  21. REFERENCES Graber TM:Principles and Practicce Orthodontics,WB Saunders,1988 Profitt.Contemporary Orthodontics,Elsevier India.3rd ed.,2000. Kharbanda.diagnosis and management of malocclusion and dentofacial deformities.Elsevier India.1ST edition,2009 . 21

  22. Thank You 5 marks Cephalometrics-Dr.Gyan P.Singh 22

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