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India’s Independence

India’s Independence. Colonialism. India was colonized by the British in the 1600’s They were controlled by the British until 1947 Colonialization meant Indian’s had no say in the government and were considered 2 nd class citizens

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India’s Independence

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  1. India’s Independence

  2. Colonialism • India was colonized by the British in the 1600’s • They were controlled by the British until 1947 • Colonialization meant Indian’s had no say in the government and were considered 2nd class citizens • Indians were primarily controlled by the British and India was used for the resources and wealth it could bring the British Empire

  3. Nationalism • The belief that people should be loyal to those with whom they share common history, customs, origins and sometimes language or religion. • In the 1800’s India began to experience a rise in the feeling of Nationalism in the country and people began to realize that they wanted independence and NOT to be apart of the British Empire

  4. Nationalism • Indians were 2nd class citizens in their own country. • The best jobs and education was given to the British. • Indian people could not have business if they competed with the British. • Example: Indians traditional wove cloth, but the British forced them to send all cotton to British factories.

  5. Rise of Resistance • The first 2 groups to form for rights of the Indian people were • Indian National Congress – organized in 1885 – mainly Hindu • Muslim League – organized in 1906 – mainly Islam - Muslim • As the years went bye they became larger and began to call for Indian Independence from the British

  6. Rise of Resistance • Indians were aware of the ideas of democracy and self government because of the British ideas and wanted that for themselves. • During WW1 millions of Indians joined forces with the British, hoping their service would be rewarded with more control of their government. • The British government promised after the war the Indians could work toward self government. That did not happen.

  7. Rise of Resistance • Those who began to protest were arrested under the Rowlatt Act, which gave the British power to send Indians to jail for up to 2 years without a trial. • 1919- British authorities opened fire on a large group of Indians in the town of Amritsar saying they gathered illegally – 400 people were killed and 1200 wounded • This massacre angered Indians all over the country and overnight a cry began for complete Independence

  8. Enter Mohandas Gandhi • Gandhi began to urge Indians to refuse to cooperate with the British laws they felt were unjust. • He also urged for no violence to be used in their protests. • His goal was to show the world the injustice of British colonialism in India. • Gandhi’s plan was what he called “civil disobedience” (non-violent refusal to obey an unfair law)

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