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Texas to Statehood

Texas to Statehood. Independence . Texas gains its independence June of 1836 with the Treaties of Velasco. Leadership. The republic of Texas had 3 presidents: Sam Houston, Mirabeau Lamar, & Anson Jones. Sam Houston. First administration 1836- 1838

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Texas to Statehood

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  1. Texas to Statehood

  2. Independence • Texas gains its independence June of 1836 with the Treaties of Velasco

  3. Leadership • The republic of Texas had 3 presidents: Sam Houston, Mirabeau Lamar, & Anson Jones

  4. Sam Houston • First administration 1836- 1838 • Focused on forming government, dealing with debt, the army, conflict with Native Americans & Mexico, and selecting a capital. • Dismissed army because of cost & bad relationship. Replaces them with Texas Rangers- used to fight Native Americans & Mexican soldiers. • Signed treaty with Chief Bowles, Cherokee Chief

  5. Mirabeau B. Lamar • 2nd president of republic from 1838- 1841 • Did not agree with Houston’s policies • Focused on pushing Native Americans further west, education, & new capital (Austin). • Doubled public debt because of Indian wars & increased inflation

  6. Council House Fight • March 19, 1840 a group of Comanche leaders agree to meet in San Antonio & surrender all Anglo captives • Delivered one: Matilda Lockhart • Texans were angry & attacked Comanche ; 7 Texans died with many Comanche leaders

  7. Santa Fe Expedition • June 1841 • Lamar sends troops to claim western boundary of Texas- all of Rio Grande which included Santa Fe & part of present day New Mexico • Mexico did not agree neither did the citizens of Santa Fe; Texans were captured & taken to Mexico City • Caused Mexico to raid TX again

  8. Native Troubles • Lamar ordered Chief Bowles to lead Cherokees out of TX. • Bowles refuses & is killed • Cherokees were forced to present day Oklahoma

  9. Cordova Rebellion • Led by Vicente Cordova • Organizes with group of about 400 people loyal to Mexico near Angelina River • Before anything could happen the group was put down but distrust of Native Americans & Mexicans increased • Led to Cherokees being forced to Oklahoma

  10. Texas Rangers • Lamar used Rangers to fight Mexicans & Native Americans • Jack Coffee Hayes: Best known Texas Ranger; Captain & surveyor of Republic of Texas

  11. Sam Houston • Second Administration from 1841- 1844 • Re-elected after Lamar • Most Texans were unhappy with the conflict during Lamar’s administration • Focused on return to peace, decrease public debt, & to prepare TX for statehood

  12. Houston cont’d • Due to Santa Fe Expedition Mexico began to invade TX • Houston used TX Rangers to guard border & end threat • About 300 Texans crossed border into Mier fought in 2 day battle then surrendered

  13. Anson Jones • Last president of Republic • Served from 1844 -1845 • Supported Houston’s policies; focused on maintaining peace with Native Americans, tried to limit spending & turned TX over to U.S. • Texas becomes the 28th state in 1845

  14. Texas Navy • Used to protect coast during Houston’s term • Lamar had Congress issue bonds to buy ships • Used to conduct unsuccessful peace negotiations between TX & Mexico • Most officers were recruited from U.S. Navy • Commodored by Edwin W. Moore: dishonorably discharged by Houston for supporting Yucatan Rebels.

  15. Jose Antonio Navarro • Bexar’s representative in Texas Congress • Voice of Tejanos tried to protect their land claims & rights • Helped write state constitution • Supported Lamar • Critic of Houston

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