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Mood Disorders

Mood Disorders. By: Angela Pabon. Essential Questions. What are the differences between bipolar disorder and depression? How is depression different between sex and age ? What are some causes of these mood disorders? What are the different types of treatment for each disorder?.

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Mood Disorders

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  1. Mood Disorders By: Angela Pabon

  2. Essential Questions • What are the differences between bipolar disorder and depression? • How is depression different between sex and age? • What are some causes of these mood disorders? • What are the different types of treatment for each disorder?

  3. What is a mood disorder? • A psychological disorder characterized by the elevation or lowering of a person's mood • Also known as “Affective Disorders” • It affects a person's everyday emotional state. • Nearly one in ten people aged 18 and older have/have had a mood disorder

  4. Mood Disorders • Three main types of mood disorders: • depressive disorders • bipolar disorders • other mood disorders (which are substance-induced or due to general medical conditions) • Depressive disorder is relatively common • Bipolar disorders are much less common *seem to be affected by a variety of cultural, economic, and environmental factors

  5. What are the similarities and differences between bipolar disorder and depression?

  6. Bipolar Disorder & Depression Both include: • A depressive state • Insomnia • Excessive emotion(s) present within the individual • Suspect to suicide * However, they are different…

  7. Depression • The “common cold” of psychological disorders. • Persistent feelings of sadness, hopelessness and anxiety (pessimism)

  8. Symptoms of Depression • Depressed mood most of the day, nearly every day • Significant weight loss or weight gain/decrease or increase in appetite • Insomnia or hypersomnia • Psychomotor agitation or retardation • Fatigue • Feelings of worthlessness or excessive or inappropriate guilt • Diminished ability to think or concentrate, or indecisiveness • Recurrent thoughts of death, recurrent suicidal ideation

  9. Types of Depression • Major depression • Severe symptoms • Psychotic depression • Severe depression + some form psychosis (hallucinations, delusions, etc.) • Postpartum depression • Women experience overwhelming anxiety/sadness of having the responsibility of dealing with a baby • Seasonal affective disorder • Depression during the winter season, less of natural sunlight = less happiness/optimism • Bipolar disorder…..

  10. Bipolar Disorder • Manic-depressive illness • Person alternates between the hopelessness and lethargy of depression and the overexcited state of mania. (shifts in mood, energy, activity levels) • Bipolar disorder often develops in a person's late teens or early adult years (however, some symptoms are experienced during childhood)

  11. What is Mania? • Inflated self-esteem • Decreased need for sleep ( one feels rested after only 3 hours of sleep) • More talkative than usual or pressure to keep talking • Flight of ideas or subjective experience that thoughts are racing • Attention is easily drawn to unimportant or irrelevant items • Increase in goal-directed activity (either socially, at work or school, or sexually) • Excessive involvement in pleasurable activities that have a high potential for painful consequences * Manic episodes =at least a week if diagnosed w/ bipolar disorder

  12. Types of Bipolar Disorder • Bipolar I Disorder • Mainly defined by manic or mixed episodes that last at least seven days*The symptoms of mania or depression must be a major change from the person's normal behavior • Bipolar II Disorder • Expressed by a pattern of depressive episodes shifting back and forth with hypomanic episodes*no full-blown episodes • Cyclothymic Disorder or Cyclothymia • Mild form of bipolar disorder*episodes of hypomania that shift back and forth with mild depression (2+ years)

  13. How is depression different between sex and age?

  14. Women vs. Men • Lower depression rate • More likely experience • Fatigue • Irritability • Insomnia • Loss of interest in activities • Turn to alcohol and drugs more often • Lash out/ become abusive • Higher depression rate • Biological, life cycle, hormonal, and psychosocial factors that women experience • Very emotion-based • Sadness • Worthlessness • Guilt

  15. Adults vs. Adolescents • When developed in childhood, may continue to adulthood • Puberty • Identity • Co-occurs with other disorders : • Anxiety • Eating disorder • Substance abuse • Grief after loss of a loved one • Medical conditions • Bad relationships or environment • Usually gets help and gets past it

  16. What are some causes of these mood disorders ?

  17. CAUSES DEPRESSION… • Combination of genetic, biological, environmental, and psychological factors • Neurotransmitters are out of balance • Some types of depression tend to run in families • Trauma, loss of a loved one, a difficult relationship, or any stressful situation

  18. CAUSES BIPOLAR DISORDER • There is no SINGLE cause to bipolar disorder.. • Substance abuse • Mania is often trigged even more so because of drugs/alcohol • Anxiety disorders • PTSD • Genetics • “building blocks” of heredity • 6 times more likely to develop when a parent or sibling has the disorder • Brain structure

  19. What are the different types of treatments for each?

  20. Bipolar disorder = Medication • Mood stabilizing medications: • Lithium, Depakote, Lamictal, Topamax, etc. • Atypical antipsychotic medications: • Zyprexa, Abilify, Seroquel, Risperdal, etc. • Antidepressant medications: • Prozac, Paxil, Zoloft, Wellbutrin, etc.

  21. Depression = Medication + Therapy • Antidepressants • Psychotherapy • “Talking it out” • ETC (Electroconclusive Therapy)

  22. Works Cited

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