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Iraq War 2003. Republic of Iraq. Government : Arabic Socialist Ba’ath party Regime of Saddam Hussein Official Language: Arabic and Kurdish Population: 27.5 million(2007 ). Iraq War 2003. 2003 Mar. 20 th ~2011 Dec. 18 th
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Republic of Iraq • Government: Arabic Socialist Ba’ath party Regimeof SaddamHussein • OfficialLanguage: ArabicandKurdish • Population: 27.5 million(2007)
Iraq War 2003 • 2003 Mar. 20th ~2011 Dec. 18th • Reason: A Nation with Weapons of Mass Destruction • Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld: • Eliminate Saddam Hussein’s regime • Search and destroy WMD • Provide humanitarian assistance • Protect Iraq’s oil and other natural resources
Resolution 1441* • Adopted date: 8 November 2002 “Recognizing the threat Iraq’s non-compliance with Council resolutions and proliferation of weapons of mass destruction and long-range missiles poses to international peace and security…” • Gave Iraq "a final opportunity to comply with its disarmament obligations" and set up inspections by the UNMOVIC and the IAEA
Pros: Multi-National Force • UnitedStatesofAmerica(148,000) • UnitedKingdom(45,000) • Australia(2000) • Poland(194) • WiththesupportofKorea,Denmark,Japan,Italy,Ukraine…49othercountries.
Against • The invasion of Iraq was strongly opposed by France, Germany, New Zealand, and Canada • Former Secretary-General of United Nation Boutros Boutros-Ghali*: • “The invention is illegal” because there is not authorized by the United Nation • “Other countries may use this argument in the future to intervene on the basis of this precedent”
Failures of the International Community Stop US and UK.
Conspiracy Theory • Oil • Military • US Base Out of Saudi Arabia • US Base Closer to IRAN!!
Oil • Before the 2003 War • Iraq National Oil Company (INOC) nationalised all oil projects in 1972. • Started to allow foreign investment since 1997. • But only 3 projects were allowed. • After the 2003 War • The Oil reconstruction was planned to be led by USAID. *1 • Iraq Ministry of Oil plans to boost it oil production led by EP, EXXON, Shell.
Military (Saudi Arabia) • US Needed to move the base away from Saudi Arabia as it is the Islamic Religious Centre (MECCA and MEDINA). • Anti US feeling within the Islamic World. • The government in Riyadh depends on the United States for its defence, but has found itself walking a tightrope, with increasing uneasiness among many Saudis over the presence of US troops. • US citizens act as if there in the US.
Military (IRAN) • Surround Iran to PRESSURE them. • Get Afghanistan • Get Iraq
Current Iraq • Government • President TALABANI (Kurdish) • Prime Minister MALEKI (Shiite) • Killing and the Disorder Continues • The Iraq war: No clean break US troops have now left Iraq, but the war's ghosts will haunt the world for many years to come. • Deadly Iraq blasts hit several cities • Refugees(Mostly after 2003) • Domestic:1,900,000 people • Aboard: 2,000,000 people
Future Concerns • Relation with other Arab world. • Iraq is now a Shiite Government • Split of Iraq • Kurds in Turkey and Iran
Intervention for Humanitarian Purpose OR Stability?