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Conducting Harvest-Aid Research in Corn

Conducting Harvest-Aid Research in Corn. E.P. Prostko and A.S. Culpepper Dept. Crop & Soil Science University of Georgia. WSSA 2004. Field Corn Production in Georgia. 340,000 A planted (03’) 55% irrigated 45% dryland 1999-2003 Avg yields * 118 Bu/A - grain * 16 tons/A - silage.

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Conducting Harvest-Aid Research in Corn

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  1. Conducting Harvest-Aid Research in Corn E.P. Prostko and A.S. Culpepper Dept. Crop & Soil Science University of Georgia WSSA 2004

  2. Field Corn Production in Georgia • 340,000 A planted (03’) • 55% irrigated • 45% dryland • 1999-2003 Avg yields * 118 Bu/A - grain * 16 tons/A - silage Source: GASS

  3. TX panicum sicklepod morningglories pigweeds nutsedges cocklebur FL beggarweed crabgrass johnsongrass PA smartweed Top 10 Most Troublesome Weeds in Georgia Corn Webster and MacDonald, 1999

  4. Why are late-season weeds a problem in the SE? • early harvest (Jul-Aug) • warm temperatures • ample rainfall • high humidity • wider rows (36”) • limited herbicide inputs • reduced atrazine residual • delayed applications earlier in season

  5. Objective • to develop a method for conducting small plot harvest-aid research

  6. Research Problems and Concerns? • no previous experience • plot size/layout • design/treatment # • How do we spray? • water volume • weed species • harvest-ability ratings

  7. Plot Size/Layout/Design • RCB 4 reps • 6 treatments • 4 rows X 25’ • 10’ alleys • driveways • Sweet Corn Hybrid * ACX-9454 *Why? It was short! • Planted April 14

  8. Weed Species • planted annual morningglory • Dual II Magnum @ 1 pt/A - PRE • Prowl @ 2.4 pts/A - 9 DAP • cocklebur, sicklepod, starbur problems • should have sprayed with Basagran or done some hand-weeding

  9. Application Techniques • July 14 (3 months after planting) • JD 6500 High-Boy Sprayer • 4 row boom (18”) • XR110015 nozzles • 5 GPA • 4.5 MPH • flushed boom with clean water and CO2 after each treatment

  10. 4 row boom attached to High-Boy sprayer

  11. CO2 tank, spray cans, on-off valve

  12. Weed Size At Application - 90 DAP

  13. Harvest-Ability Ratings • subjective rating • ease of mechanical harvest • 1-5 scale • 1 = no problem • 5 = severe problem

  14. Results

  15. Corn Harvest-Ability Ratings - 14 DAT1-5 Scale a a b bc bc c

  16. Untreated

  17. Aim 2EC @ 1.0 ozs/A + COC @ 1% v/v

  18. Aim 2EC @ 1.6 ozs/A + COC @ 1% v/v

  19. 2,4-D @ 1.5 pts/A

  20. Roundup WeatherMax @ 22 ozs/A

  21. Harvade 5F @ 8 ozs/A + COC @ 0.83% v/v

  22. Tips for Future Research • limit number of treatments (< 10) • need to add sodium chlorate • control undesirable weeds • identify a short field corn hybrid (mechanical harvest) • longer alleyways (15’) • get better at rating for defoliation/desiccation • conscious of drift • possible funding???

  23. University of Georgia Extension Weed Science (gaweed.com)

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