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ICZM progress in Romania

ROMANIA - Ministry of Environment and Sustainable Development. ICZM progress in Romania. Msc. Lucia Ana VARGA, PhD. Mary-Jeanne ADLER, Dumitru DOROGAN. The urge for integrated management of coastal zone is found in UN Agenda 21 EU Requirements :

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ICZM progress in Romania

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  1. ROMANIA - Ministry of Environment and Sustainable Development ICZM progress in Romania Msc. Lucia Ana VARGA, PhD. Mary-Jeanne ADLER, Dumitru DOROGAN

  2. The urge for integrated management of coastal zone is found in UN Agenda 21 EU Requirements : -the need for integrated management of river basins including coastal zones in order to sustain economic development in the future. EU Guidelines: Water Framework Directive (WFD-2000/60/EC) EU ICZM Recommendations (2002/413/EC) EU Draft on Marine Strategy and Maritime Policy Black Sea Convention’92 BlackSea Strategic Action Plan for the Protection and Rehabilitation of the Black Sea Integrated Coastal Zone Management - ICZM( EU & international necessity) Institutional and legislative measures Monitoring and research programs

  3. Institutional and legislative measures • Specificlegislation in course of updating - coastal zone law or development - ICZM Strategy& Action Plan • Institutional structure: National Committee, Working Groups &Technical Secretariat

  4. National and international collaboration for research and regional development projects MATRA –Dutch assistance-2005-2007 -assistance for strengthening of the capacity building in the ICZM implementation process (public awareness, consultancy indrafting of a national ICZM Strategy and strengthening the capacity of the working groups) JICA-Japanese assistance (2005-2007): -Study for the Protection and Rehabilitation of the Southern Romanian Black Sea Shore -2 priority selected Feasibility Studies: Mamaia and Eforie INTERREG CADSES Projects: CADSEALAND (2005-2007), PlanCoast (2006-2008)

  5. ROMANIA - Ministry of Environment and Sustainable Development 1. Danube Basin issues that ICZM should address Integrated Coastal Plan Management should adress to the Danube-Black Sea water object

  6. i. Danube River and Danube Basin monitoring and research activities

  7. 1a. DANUBE REGIME Seasonal variation of the mean monthly discharges of some Danube gauging stations month

  8. The mean annual discharge series of data have no tendency at Orsova or at Ceatal Ismail

  9. The mean annual maximum at Orsova gauging station Mean maximum discharge (cm/s) Month Year Years with maximum discharges: 1924, 1926, 1940, 1942, 1944, 1954, 1965, 1969, 1970, 1974, 1981, 1986, 1989, 1990, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2006

  10. Minimum discharge Mean annual minimum discharge (cm/s) Month Year Years with minimum discharges95% (1610m3/s) - in January 1893, 1901, December 1902, January1954, October 1985 (the smallest – 1060 m3/s). For shipment on downstream of Iron Gates sector, the minimum discharge is 2500 - 2700 m3/s

  11. 1b. LOAD TRANSPORT • The load transport was diminished • Modification of the transversal profiles and longitudinal profile of the river

  12. Variation in time of the transversal profile (a) and the correspondents water level at the 3000 m3/s discharge, and at 8000 m3/s (b), in the cross section Corabia (Km 624+200) of the Danube River H, cm

  13. Mean annual loads (kg/s) year The impact of the reservoirs and hydrotechnical infrastructures on the interior rivers of Romania

  14. Load tendency at the Iron Gates Reservoir (Orsova) and at the input of the Danube Delta (Ceatal Ismail)

  15. 1c. ECOSYSTEMS OF THE DANUBE RIVER , , , , , , AND BYSTROE WATERWAY

  16. Damming floodplain upstream the Danube Delta

  17. Damming and channel excavations

  18. ENCOUNTERED CONSTRAINTS FOR RESTORATION

  19. 1c. POLUTION OF THE DANUBE-DELTA-BLACK SEA SYSTEM

  20. DANUBE RIVER DELTA ECOSYSTEMS Before 1960 1971-1980 1980-1989 (cm/s) 309 359 620 Water inflow <0.01 0.06 0.07 (mg/l) P(PO4) 0.4 1.5 1.5 (mg/l) N(NO3) P(PO4) inflow 100 1,400 700 tons/year N(NO3) inflow 4,000 29,300 17,000 tons/year Hydrology and water chemistry changes

  21. ICPDR Report, 2004

  22. Annual Nitrogen Load in the Danube (in kt/y), subdivided over the countries of origin, with a high estimate for the in stream denitrification (= removal rate) ICPDR Report, 2004 Strengthening the implementation capacities for the nutrient reduction and transboundary cooperation in the DRB - UNDP GEF Danube Regional Project

  23. RIVER POLUTANTS TRANSPORT; SPILLS

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  25. 26 ICPDR Policies & Actions The Joint Action Programme

  26. Policies and Strategies of the JAP • River Basin Management and implementation of the EU Water Framework Directive • Emission inventory and pollution reduction • Restoration of wetlands and flood plains • Transnational Monitoring Network (TNMN) and extended water quality standards • Accident warning system and prevention • Sustainable flood control and prevention • Domestic and basin wide water balance.

  27. Memorandum of Understanding between the International Commission for the Protection of the Black Sea (ICPBS) and the International Commission for the Protection of the Danube River (ICPDR) on Common Strategic Goals Joint Danube / Black Sea Technical Working Group

  28. ii. Black Sea System Response

  29. Black Sea Romanian Coastal Zone • Shore length- 244 Km (7.65% from total Romanian border) • PROPOSED COASTAL SUB-ZONING: • Upland Impact zone (watershed) • Planning Zone • Management Zone 50 - 150 m (coastal strip) +1 NM seaward from baseline • Black Sea Impact Zone (1 NM line inland+12 NM)

  30. Main threats in the Romanian coastal zone Pollution Coastal erosion Land use • threatens most at: • Northern section: • -Section between • Sulina & St. George • and south of St. George • Southern section: • • Mamaia • Constanta • Eforie Nord • • Eforie Sud • • Costinesti • • Olimp to Mangalia caused by: • Non-point sources (agriculture) • Point-sources (ind.+ mun. waste water) • Potential water shortage in North of Constanta County • Potential land-use • conflicts due to: • • increasing land demand • due to urban growth. • • increasing land demand • for tourism development • • increasing land demand • for industrialization • close to urban centers • unplanned settlements

  31. Nutrient Reduction to the Black Sea • Goals: • In short and medium terms, by adopting appropriate strategies, that will permit economic development, whilst assuring the recovery of the agricultural and industrial sector activities, the discharge of nutrient and hazardous substances into the Black Sea shall not exceed the discharges from 1997 • In the long-term, the Black Sea ecosystems shall recover to conditions similar to those observed in the 1960s through progressive reduction of loads of anthropogenically applied nutrients and hazardous substances in all countries of the Black Sea Basin.

  32. EROSION PROCESS OF THE COASTAL AREA OF THE BLACK SEA

  33. Erosion processes • Romania has a territorial coastline extending over about 240 km along the northwestern side of the Black Sea. In the past several decades, however, the Romanian Black Sea shore has been suffering from serious beach erosion problems. The northern unit of the Romanian coastal area, which is designated as the Danube Delta Biosphere Reservation, is most affected, but its southern unit is also in danger where the economical activity is strong, including the tourism industry. • Most of the coast area is being eroded with the rate of up to 2.0 m per year. The southern part of Mamaia Beach is subject to the severest erosion. Without countermeasures against beach erosion, the shoreline is expected to retreat by 70 m on the average in twenty years; sandy beaches will disappear and some hotels will be susceptible to the danger of total collapse. • Many cliffs are also being eroded by wave abrasion at their feet and/or slip failure in their upper part due to the rise of ground water table during heavy rain etc. The northeastern part of Constantza City and the shore side of Eforie City have many housings and buildings near the edges of the cliffs. The cliffs in the study area have been eroded with the rate of about 0.6 m per year in the place where no protective measures have been implemented.

  34. Implementing ICZM solutions The implementation will be dealing with legislation, monitoring, enforcement and evaluation, including the relevant results of the PlanCoast Project

  35. NEXT STEPS: • Providing of a roughly estimated budget (Dutch evaluations) of 5 –7 million Euro including external assistance for: * Dissemination of coastal knowledge * Initiation and development of coastal pilot projects * Improved decision making, training. * Joint cooperation-projects, programs. * Sustainable use of coastal resources (practical & functional mechanism). • Implementing the national program of measures HG 164/2004 for the protection and rehabilitation of the coastal zone (JICA Study southern littoral against erosion) for 2007-2020

  36. Conclusion – next actions • Collaboration with the stakeholders; • Strengthening thecapacity of the coordinating bodies. • Organizing common training programs, disseminating best available practices and practical implementation of the specific laws – we are waiting for the PlanCoast results in this respect; • Technical, economic and financial feasibility projects of alternative options to take adaptive/corrective actions (international collaboration); • Financial support for projects implementation (national budget, structural & cohesion funds, loans, sponsors, etc) - Implementing the national program of measures HG 164/2004 for the protection and rehabilitation of the coastal zone (JICA Study southern littoral against erosion) for 2007-2020 Final boot: Sea land use planning under conservation and sustainable development constraints

  37. I wish you a fruitful Conference!

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