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Standards and Tests: Small Wind Turbines

Standards and Tests: Small Wind Turbines. Brent Summerville PE Technical Director Small Wind Certification Council Commissioner’s Forum: Urban Wind Turbines July 30, 2010, 1pm - 4pm. SWCC: Small Wind Certification Council.

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Standards and Tests: Small Wind Turbines

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  1. Standards and Tests:Small Wind Turbines Brent Summerville PE Technical Director Small Wind Certification Council Commissioner’s Forum: Urban Wind Turbines July 30, 2010, 1pm - 4pm

  2. SWCC: Small Wind Certification Council • New independent, third-party certification body to serve North America • Certify that small wind turbines (SWTs) meet the requirements of the new AWEA Small Wind Turbine Performance and Safety Standard • Used as state-level eligibility for incentives

  3. What is the AWEA Standard? • AWEA Small Wind Turbine Performance and Safety Standard (AWEA Standard 9.1 – 2009) • Incorporates, with modifications, existing IEC standards for small wind turbines (IEC 61400 series) • Written to ensure the quality of the wind turbine can be assessed while imposing only reasonable costs and difficulty

  4. Equipment Eligibility • Per the AWEA standard and IEC standards: • Newly manufactured, electricity-producing wind turbines with a swept area up to 200 m2 • 200m2 ~ 16m diameter rotor ~ 50-65 kW • Horizontal and vertical axis turbines are eligible

  5. Certification based on… • an evaluation of: • Wind turbine design (Structural Analysis) • Field testing

  6. Field Testing • SWCC Test Organization List now has 26 test organizations • 4 new NREL supported Regional Test Centers

  7. Joe Smith joe.smith@nrel.gov NREL Independent Testing Project, Round 1 Windspire Gaia-Wind 11kW ARE 442 EW50 VT10

  8. IEC Tests Performed • Power Performance – power curve, annual energy production • Acoustic Noise – sound power level, sound pressure levels • Duration – operational time fraction, power degradation, inspections, dynamic behavior • Safety and Function - verification of designed behavior

  9. View Results at… www.nrel.gov/wind/smallwind/independent_testing.html

  10. Upcoming event on Urban Wind Energy August 11-12, 2010 Boulder, CO

  11. Beech Mtn Test Site Appalachian State North Carolina

  12. Myres Hill Test Site TUV-NEL East Kilbride, Scotland

  13. Beech Mtn Test Site Appalachian State North Carolina Alternative Energy Institute Test Site West Texas A&M Canyon, Texas Average turbulence intensity of 0.10

  14. Tested in Open Terrain Installed in Urban Environment Higher turbulence; reduced performance; higher stresses on the design; potentially inadequate design

  15. Installed on a Building Tested on a Tower Stresses and dynamic behavior assessed on ground-mounted tower; dynamic loading and stresses on a building are unknown

  16. http://www.caebridge.com/urban-wind-and-rooftop-turbine-placementhttp://www.caebridge.com/urban-wind-and-rooftop-turbine-placement

  17. Urban Studies • MT2: the maintenance team for IEC 61400-2: Design requirements for small wind turbines • Research projects to better understand wind characteristics in the urban environment • Turbulence • Effects on reliability, performance and structural design of SWTs

  18. Murdoch University - Jonathan Whale • How to accurately characterize turbulence • How does measured turbulence compare with models from -2

  19. Hideki Tokuyama Nasu Denki Tekko Co. Masafumi Kawakami Zephyr Co. Yasuhiro Takata NIKKO Co. Excerpts from Japanese study:A Study of the Small Wind Turbine in an Urban site

  20. A Power performance of a Micro Wind Turbine for a Field Test on an Urban Site In order to examine the power performance in the urban site, we perform a field test for a micro wind turbine. 3300 2580 This position is 8m in height from the ground. Surroundings of this place is the environment where is lined with buildings.

  21. Wind environment on an urban site Turbulence intensity The turbulence intensity is calculated by using the set of 10 minutes data, In a urban area, TI shows the tendency which becomes large. The value of TI becomes about 0.3.

  22. Conclusion • Potential mismatch between conditions of testing and certification of SWTs and the conditions seen by SWTs installed in the built environment • Research is underway to better understand urban conditions and how these conditions relate to the current design and testing standards • Research needed on safety issues and dynamic loading on buildings

  23. Thanks Sign up for mailing list www.smallwindcertification.org Click “Get E-mail Updates” Brent Summerville PE Technical Director, SWCC Brent@smallwindcertification.org

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