410 likes | 559 Views
Lung Capacity. Tidal Volume. TV: The amount of air going into or out of the lungs on single breath. Expiratory reserve Volume. ERV: Air left to be exhaled AFTER normal breathing (exhalation). Inspiratory Reserve volume. IRV: The amount of air you can take in after tidal volume.
E N D
Tidal Volume • TV: The amount of air going into or out of the lungs on single breath.
Expiratory reserve Volume • ERV: Air left to be exhaled AFTER normal breathing (exhalation)
Inspiratory Reserve volume • IRV: The amount of air you can take in after tidal volume.
Vital Capacity • VC: Total amount of air you can move. • VC = TV + IRV + ERV
Inspiratory Capacity • IC: How much air you bring in • IC = TV + IRV
Residual Volume • RV: What is left in the lungs that you can not move!
DEAD SPACE • Air in passage way that never makes it to gas exchange. • TV: 500 ml about 150 ml is dead.
IRV ERV
FULL OF HOT AIR • Lets see who has the largest lungs shall we? 449
External respiration • Getting air from the atmosphere into the blood. (gas to dissolve into liquid)
Hemoglobin (Hb) • Oxygen is not very soluble, so it binds to the carrier hemoglobin on the RBC.
Hemoglobin • Hb + O2 HbO2 (oxyhemoglobin)
Hemoglobin • The hemoglobin contains iron, this is where O2 attaches. • Iron Hb RBC
Decompression Sickness • Divers go to deep for too long. Extra pressure FORCES nitrogen to dissolve into blood.
Decompression Sickness • IF they come up too fast nitrogen forms bubbles in joints: “the bends”
CO poisoning • Carbon monoxide: colorless, odorless, • Attached to Hb before oxygen does and you suffocate
TABLE Time: • Find the percentage of Oxygen and Carbon dioxide that we use or expel.
Internal Respiration • Getting blood to tissues and cells.
Saturation • How much of the hemoglobin is carrying oxygen, at normal pressure ~ 97% saturation.
Factors Affecting saturation • 1. Temperature: When temperature goes down , saturation goes
Factors Affecting saturation • 2. Acidity: • ph down = • acidity up = • saturation down=
Factors Affecting saturation • 3. Pressure: • Pressure down • Saturation down
Effect of altitude (4) • 1. Less pressure with higher altitude. • 2. Increase breathing rate for more air.
Effect of altitude • 3. Heart rate increase to move more blood. • 4. Body produces more RBC’s
CO2 Transport • Getting CO2 out of tissues. 3 ways to do it.
CO2 Transport • 1. 8% CO2 taken by plasma
CO2 Transport • 2. Hemoglobin carries about 25%
CO2 Transport • 3. Carbonic Acid • CO2 + H2O • H2CO3 H+ + HCO3 -
COLOR OF BREATH LAB • LAB TIME