NoE HySafe Thomas JORDAN, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe Samira CHELHAOUI, INERIS Stewart MILES, HSE/HSL

1. NoE HySafe Thomas JORDAN, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe Samira CHELHAOUI, INERIS Stewart MILES, HSE/HSL EU-HarmonHy Workshop, Bruxelles, 26 September 2005

2. Summary of the NoE Objectives (DoW)..to integrate and harmonise the fragmented research base by: • … • Promotion of fundamental research necessary to address hydrogen safety issues. To provide contributions based on safety and risk studies to EU-legal requirements, standards and codes of practice by: • Pre-normative research in identified critical areas; • Development and implementation of a performance-based approach to hydrogen safety engineering; • Use of results from detailed safety and risk assessment studies for different hydrogen applications as input to development of legal requirements, standards and codes of practice; • Extracting net outcomes from safety and risk assessment studies, e.g. deterministic Safety Distances; • Development and validation of hydrogen accident prevention and mitigation techniques. EU-HarmonHy Workshop, Bruxelles, 26 September 2005

3. NoE Summary • Current scientific and technical activities • Pre-normative research task • InsHyDe • Bonfire test standards EU-HarmonHy Workshop, Bruxelles, 26 September 2005

4. NoE Summary • Current scientific and technical activities • Safety-related tasks • IgnHyd • Hazard Zoning • RA of Fuelling Stations EU-HarmonHy Workshop, Bruxelles, 26 September 2005

5. NoE Activities in RC&S • HYSAFE WP 16 : • Coordinator : INERIS (France) • Partners : Air Liquide (FR), BAM (DE), BMW (Ge.), BRE (UK), CEA (FR), HSL (UK), JRC (NL), Norsk-Hydro (NO), Risoe (DK), Volvo (SW) EU-HarmonHy Workshop, Bruxelles, 26 September 2005

6. NoE Activities in RC&S • HYSAFE WP 16 : • Objectives : • ensure that consensual knowledge on hydrogen safety is adequately taken into account in the process of building new standards and regulatory requirements related to hydrogen technologies. • promote consensus within EC countries on safety related standardisation / regulatory aspects in order to strengthen the interest of EC countries when voting take place at ISO, IEC, UN or other relevant organisations (CEN, IPHE, HFP), • if requested by other projects (HYAPPROVAL, HYCOM, HYGUIDE,…), review guidelines / safety reports produced under these projects and forward them our opinion about their content, • identify knowledge gaps that would require further studies prior to standardisation or the development of regulatory requirements. EU-HarmonHy Workshop, Bruxelles, 26 September 2005

7. NoE Activities in RC&S • HYSAFE WP 16 is an interface : • ISO TC 197 and appropriate TC22 SC25 new working group dedicated to review existing standards regarding their suitability for hydrogen, • CEN ad-hoc group on review of existing standards and identification of gaps, • European Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technology Platform (Informal group on regulations, codes and standards) • HarmonHy project : to develop collaboration with HYSAFE on RC&S • Communication : • Pursue official links with ISO and IEC organisations, • Communication within HYSAFE partnership through our webpage related to RC&S, • Make visible WP16 activity to external stakeholders trough our website. EU-HarmonHy Workshop, Bruxelles, 26 September 2005

8. NoE Activities in RC&S • HYSAFE WP 16 • Main actions : • providing HySafe co-ordinated action to RC&S groups : direct inputs or edition of “Position papers” regarding documents produced by RC&S groups, • identification of safety related gaps, • providing, when available, scientific inputs to RC&S groups, • position on draft documents or on proposals for new standardisation work items, …, • identification of priorities in pre-normative topics and feed-back RC&S groups with data produced, • ... EU-HarmonHy Workshop, Bruxelles, 26 September 2005

9. NoE Activities in RC&S • HYSAFE WP 16 : RC&S delegates EU-HarmonHy Workshop, Bruxelles, 26 September 2005

10. Working Group 1:H2, Vehicle and surroundings safety in normal use Presentation Template/32. “Traffic light” analysis (max 2-3 slides) EU-HarmonHy Workshop, Bruxelles, 26 September 2005

11. Working Group 2:Vehicle and surroundings safety in crash situations and defects, damages “Traffic light” analysis EU-HarmonHy Workshop, Bruxelles, 26 September 2005

12. Projects - InsHyDe InsHyDe • Context : • Large leaks caused by major system failure : very low probability => zoning, detection, prevention, passive building design • Minor leaks (< 1 g/sec) : more foreseeable => risks in confinement ? • Objectives : • Investigation of realistic non-catastrophic releases in (partially) confined areas : dispersion behaviour, fire and explosion potentials, ignition • Regulatory and standards framaework for indoor H2 systems • System risk assessment and basis for risk control • Ventilation performance and layout • Detection and Buildings (garages, tunnels, etc) layout • Zone classification and choice of electrical equipment • Best practices for scenario quantification and ventilation design / Input for standards for the safe use / storage of indoor hydrogen systems (e.g. : garages) EU-HarmonHy Workshop, Bruxelles, 26 September 2005

13. Projects - InsHyDe InsHyDe • Dispersion simulations and experiments => investigation of : • the hydrogen dispersion behaviour in quiet atmosphere for various leaking regimes (release rates =< 1 g/s) • the ability of ventilation to control these leaks (reduction of ATEX) • hydrogen sensors (response accuracy, response time, …) • Experiments performed at INERIS & CEA facilities • Pre-test calculations to better define the experimental scenario and the best appropriate position of the instrumentation (CFD modelling) EU-HarmonHy Workshop, Bruxelles, 26 September 2005

14. Projects - InsHyDe INERIS 100 m3 underground ventilated gallery InsHyDe • Infrastructure Ultrasonic sensor Catalytic sensor View of inside of CEA 100 m3 MISTRA facility with position of instrumentation INERIS measurement techniques EU-HarmonHy Workshop, Bruxelles, 26 September 2005

15. Projects - InsHyDe InsHyDe • On-going dispersion experiments : test matrix EU-HarmonHy Workshop, Bruxelles, 26 September 2005

16. Projects - InsHyDe • to design a new facility to carry out test with vents, ventilation systems, and possibility to vary geometric configurations (roof) InsHyDe • „Garage“ experiments : INERIS-CEA collaboration (2006) EU-HarmonHy Workshop, Bruxelles, 26 September 2005

17. Projects - HyTunnel HyTunnel • Current safety requirements for road tunnels consider air quality, fire and smoke spread • Natural and/or forced ventilation • CO, video etc detection • Means of escape and safety refuges • But, do H2 vehicles pose additional hazards? • If so, then need to • Update design guidance for new tunnels • Establish improvents to be made on existing tunnels • Ammend regulations for old and new tunnels EU-HarmonHy Workshop, Bruxelles, 26 September 2005

18. Projects - HyTunnel HyTunnel cont. • Project objectives • Review existing design guidance and regulations • Identify critical accident and H2 release scanerios • Review relevant experimental and modelling work • Undertake experiments and/or modelling exercises • Identify changes to design and regulations that may be required to safely accommodate H2 vehicles EU-HarmonHy Workshop, Bruxelles, 26 September 2005

19. Projects - HyTunnel HyTunnel cont. • Some accident scenarios • Collision or mechanical failure resulting in release of H2 and formation of explosive gas mixture • Exposure of H2 storage cyclinders to thermal hazard from tunnel fire • Some itigation measures • Enhanced ventilation to prevent formation of explosure concentrations of H2 • „Safe“ ignition of H2 gas mixtures before explosion can occur • Water mist or sprinklers to reduce thermal exposure and restrict combustion EU-HarmonHy Workshop, Bruxelles, 26 September 2005

20. Projects Bonfire test standards • In cooperation with StorHy investigate the existing standards or proposals for an improved test • Reasonible combination of performance based component and system level tests • More detailed information derived from more appropriate measurement equipment of tests EU-HarmonHy Workshop, Bruxelles, 26 September 2005

21. Current WP work • IgnHyde Development of an improved probabilistic ignition model, needed for all RAs. • Hazard Zoning Evaluation of the transferrability of the HZ concept to hydrogen. Main activities related to IEC (electric installations,…) but also closely related to the safety distance concept. • RA of Fuelling Stations 3 basic designs (determined by HyApproval) will be analysed by “standard” RA methodology in WP12. EU-HarmonHy Workshop, Bruxelles, 26 September 2005

22. Proposals • Other RCS items: • Home fuelling • Fuelling interface • H2 sensors and small leak detection systems • Underground storage • General recommendations via a general performance based hydrogen safety standard • RA • Potential pre-normative research needs: • Small leak detection • Automated emergency intervention • Safety/ Clearance distances • Thermal and pressure effect of fires/explosion • FA, DDT and interference with mitigation measures EU-HarmonHy Workshop, Bruxelles, 26 September 2005