Software Development

1. By James Patching Software Development

2. Task 1

3. An Internet service provider (ISP): • An Internet service provider (ISP), also sometimes referred to as an Internet access provider (IAP), is a company that offers its customers access to the Internet (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_service_provider) • An organization offering and providing Internet access to the public using computer servers connected directly to the Internet. (www.shopfort1.com/t1terms.cfm) • ISPs offer businesses and consumers connections to the Internet. Some offer Web hosting and site development services as well. (www.platgroupng.com/website_articles/web_design_terms2.php) (In my own words) • An Internet service provider (ISP) is a company that allows customers access to the internet at a price. Some popular ones are talktalk, sky broadband, and virgin media.

4. Web Hosting Service: • web hosting service is a company that will operate a server that serves your web page for a fee.( http://www.animusprogramming.com/wd/gloss.php) • A web hosting service is a type of Internet hosting service that allows individuals and organizations to make their own website accessible via the World Wide Web. (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_hosting_service) • A Company with large Web server computers to maintain the Web sites of fee-paying subscribers. http://wps.prenhall.com/bp_laudon_essmis_8/86/22117/5661977.cw/index.html (In my own words) • A web hosting service is a company that allows companies and individuals to get their websites onto the web and keep them there. Websites require maintenance and upkeep, this is all performed by the web hosting service then the company or the individual pays them money.

5. Domain Structure: • A domain structure is a cluster of computers which maintains it's own security and accounts management locally, i.e.-on the primary domain controller. All logins for local accounts are done within the domain, and it has its own file and application servers for locally logged on users. It is generally part of a much larger corporate forest, consisting of other domains that may or may not "trust" each other, depending upon how they are set up...there could be an accounting domain, a database domain, a support for goods and services domain, and an administrative domain in a very large corporation, along with a client domain (say, the internet website for customers and public users) and even a client domain for data programmers/software engineers. (http://uk.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20100930092415AADs3W4) • In the computer world a domain is a logical way to group computers together. There are 2 main ways to share resources on a network: the workgroup way, and the domain way. In a workgroup, every computer is king of it's own resources and decides what it going to be shared and with whom. In a domain, the information is centrally controlled; members of the domain obey a central authority, usually a server. The server decides everything and carries all the user names, passwords and access each user has. (http://uk.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20100922034924AAjECUC) • (In my own words) Domain structure is the build up of a group of computers. E.g. at work in an office or at school there’s a local drive and a shared drive. The local one is yours and yours alone. The shared drive is open to viewing and possibly editing from the other computers in the domain.

6. Domain Name Registrars: • Companies accredited by ICANN (The Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers) that offers registration services for the domain names of organizations and individuals. (www.unesco.org/webworld/publications/ictlip5/glossary.htm) • A domain name registrar is an organization or commercial entity that manages the reservation of Internet domain names (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_name_registrar) • An organization that manages Internet domain names. Any person or company that wants a presence on the Internet must register a unique name with one of the more than thousand registrars around the world. (http://uk.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20110111124434AA6ms6y) • (In my own words) A domain name registrar is a company that sells the rights of domain names over to people. This is needed to start a website with a good catchy domain name. Anyone can buy them, individuals or companies.

7. Worldwide Web: • The World Wide Web (abbreviated as WWW or W3 commonly known as the Web), is a system of interlinked hypertext documents accessed via the Internet. With a web browser, one can view web pages that may contain text, images, videos, and other multimedia, and navigate between them via hyperlinks. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Wide_Web) • It's basically a lot of different files (all over the world) that are linked to each other, so that you can look at a file that has a link to another file and then follow that link to read the next file. (These days, it's not just files but useful programs, too.) (http://www.mit.edu/~rei/wwwintro.html) • A widely used information system on the Internet that provides facilities for documents to be connected to other documents by hypertext links, enabling the user to search for information by moving from one document to another (https://www.google.co.uk/search?q=world+wide+web+definition&aq=f&sugexp=chrome,mod=12&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8#hl=en&q=World+Wide+Web&tbs=dfn:1&tbo=u&sa=X&ei=XxFgUMayK-j80QW5p4DgBg&ved=0CCAQkQ4&bav=on.2,or.r_gc.r_pw.r_cp.r_qf.&fp=bd66c17f7055854b&biw=1280&bih=923) • (In my own words) The World Wide Web is a crosslink of different files and sites from everywhere in the world where you can go from one to another by simply clicking on a hyperlink. It is the biggest information base on the planet and is constantly being upgraded and added to.

8. Task 2

9. Web servers • A web server is a computer program that delivers (serves) content, such as web pages, using the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), over the World Wide Web. The term web server can also refer to the computer or virtual machine running the program. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_servers •  A computer that is responsible for accepting HTTP requests from clients, which are known as Web browsers, and serving them HTTP responses along with optional data contents, which usually are Web pages such as HTML documents and linked objects (images, etc.).www.captiondata.com/glossary.php •  Web servers are computers on the Internet that host websites, serving pages to viewers upon request. people.tamu.edu/Glossary.php • (IN OWN WORDS) A web server is a computer that hosts a website and allows people to view it in browser.

10. Mail servers •  An Internet-connected computer set up to receive e-mail from another server and distribute it to users, and to send e-mail from those users to another server. www.acsihost.com/glossary-terms • (Mail Server) A server (computer) responsible for sending, routing and delivering email. www.pipeten.com/support_glossary.html • (mail server) A computer on a network whose job it is to receive and store incoming mail and route outgoing mail to the proper e-mail boxes on other mail servers.www.omputerchimp.com/glossary-of-computer-terms • (IN OWN WORDS) Mail servers are computers that are set up for the sole use of receiving and sending emails from or to other servers for its clients (the public).

11. Proxy servers • A program that deals with external servers on behalf of internal clients. Proxy clients talk to proxy servers, which relay approved client requests to real servers, and relay answers back to clients tldp.org/HOWTO/Security-HOWTO/x1357.html •  An intermediate device that receives SIP requests from a client and then initiates requests on the client's behalf. www.edgeaccess.net/glossary.html •  A proxy server is a process that acts like a switchboard through a firewall to manage the various types of permitted communications with the outside world. Proxy servers may also use caching to make communications more efficient. www.walthowe.com/glossary/p.html • (IN OWN WORDS) Proxy servers are devices that allow you to put down restrictions on what you can search and also allow you to bypass firewall restrictions. They take your HTTP request and do it for you (in browser).

12. Routers • A router is an electronic device that interconnects two or more computer networks, and selectively interchanges packets of data between them. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Routers • A router is a computer networking device that forwards data packets across one or more networks toward their destinations, through a process known as routing. Routing occurs at layer 3 (the Network layer e.g. IP) of the OSI seven-layer model. www.kerveros-tech.com/index.php •  Routers forward data packets across computer networks. A Router checks the data packet for its destination address and protocol format details. If the router finds a match in its address tables, it routes it to that destination address. www.infinityshield.net/ • (IN MY OWN WORDS) A router is an electronic device that allows computer networks to link to each other and send data between each other.

13. Browsers •  A program used to view HTML documents wordnetweb.princeton.edu/perl/webwn •  A web browser is a software application for retrieving, presenting, and traversing information resources on the World Wide Web. An information resource is identified by a Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) and may be a web page, image, video, or other piece of content en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Browser_(web) • Computer program to display a Web page at a Website on the World Wide Web www.intermediatotal.com/glossary.html • A type of software that allows you to navigate information databases; examples are Netscape Navigator and NCSA Mosaic. aceglobalmarketing.com/glossary.htm • (IN MY OWN WORDS) A browser is a package that allows you to view websites and not the coding behind them. They neatly package up all of the data into a viewable screen. Different browsers read the code differently and process them better or worse (chrome and internet explorer).

14. Email • Electronic mail, commonly called email or e-mail, is a method of exchanging digital messages across the Internet or other computer networks. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Email •  E-mail is a way that a computer user connected to the Internet can communicate with other connected users through text. E-mail also allows users to send documents, images, sound clips and video between computers. www.versature.com/resource/glossary-of-terms • Messages, usually text, sent from one person to another via computer. E-mail can also be sent automatically to a large number of addresses (Mailing List). www.hostindex.com/glossary.shtm • (IN MY OWN WORDS) An email is an electronic mail. It is a way that people commonly send text and attachments to each other

15. Protocols • Web protocol is the way that your browser will work. It can block certain websites due to multiple reasons and set up guidelines for almost anything you can use the internet for. Throughout the application layer there are multiple protocols ranging from ATP’s (AppleTalk transaction protocols) through to UDP’s (user datagram protocols). Each protocol makes a program run differently or changes the order in which it works. The application layer is the layer that is in control of the computers linking to each other (through IP) an the protocols behind it include Support services, Electronic mail, File transfer, and Remote logins. These different categories hold differing protocols that change the way that computers connect to each other.

16. Task 3

17. Web 2.0 • This term refers to the “second generation” of services that are available on the World Wide Web. Web 2.0 applications include blogs, podcasts, ppc marketing, wikis, tagging and RSS syndication. www.destinedunity.com/glossary/ • Web 2.0 is a trend in the use of World Wide Web technology and web design that aims to facilitate creativity, information sharing, and, most notably, collaboration among users. www.searchenginepartner.com/SEO-glossary.html • A term that refers to a supposed second generation of Internet-based services. These usually include tools that let people collaborate and share information online, such as social networking sites, wikis, communication tools, and folksonomies.http://searchenginewatch.com/page/glossary • (IN MY OWN WORDS) Web 2.0 is the new web. No longer is it just an anonymous data storage, it is now a cross linked mess of blogs, documents, opinions and ideas. Social networking and wikis have completely changed the use of the net.

18. Blogs •  A website that allows users to reflect, share opinions, and discuss various topics in the form of an online journal while readers may comment on posts. Most blogs are written in a slightly informal tone (personal journals, news, businesses, etc. en.wiktionary.org/wiki/blog •  Dynamic website maintained by an individual or an organization to provide commentary or news on a particular subject. emarketingservices.eu/glossary/ • A blog is an online journal or “log” of any given subject. Blogs are easy to update, manage, and syndicate, powered by individuals and/or corporations and enable users to comment on postings. smemarketingideas.com/glossary • (IN MY OWN WORDS) Blogs are social news updates. Anyone can make one and talk as much or as little as they want about a chosen subject. People get a following of people who are interested in the blogs subject start watching them and enjoy them. People get money from blogging through advertisement or through lecturing their ideas. People make livings from blogging.

19. Web Apps • A web application is an application that is accessed over a network such as the Internet or an intranet. The term may also mean a computer software application that is hosted in a browser-controlled environment. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web-app •  A program that runs remotely on a website. http://www.zakigulamani.com/111/iphone-terminology-icon-guide-and-troubleshooting • A web application is any application that uses a web browser as a client. http://webtrends.about.com/od/webapplications/a/web_application.htm • (IN MY OWN WORDS) A web application unlike a mobile app needs a constant connection to the internet to work properly. they run from a website rather than your device.

20. Cloud Computing • Cloud computing is Internet-based computing, whereby shared resources, software, and information are provided to computers and other devices on demand, like the electricity grid. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloud_computing • Allows software, data and services to reside in data centres that are accessed over the Internet from any connected device. http://ar.telus.com/glossary/ • internet based computing that enables users to access and share information (be that documents, video, software, etc) from any computer, anywhere in the world. www.smemarketing.com/training/internet-marketing-glossary • (IN MY OWN WORDS) • Cloud computing is the future of storage. No longer do you need an internal or external memory storage unit, you can just use cloud. It is a large storage facility off site from your tower, laptop or device and you can access it from anywhere using the internet. If you save a word document on your laptop on the way to work on the train for a presentation the next day you can auto save it to cloud and it will automatically appear on the storage on all of your synced devices or computers.