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Rocks & Minerals

Learn all about rocks and minerals - naturally occurring non-living solids that have a fixed shape and volume, a definite crystal structure, and a specific chemical composition. Discover their properties such as hardness, density, luster, streak, color, texture, and formation process. Explore the rock cycle and the different types of rocks: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic.

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Rocks & Minerals

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  1. Rocks & Minerals ROCKS & MINERALS

  2. Naturally occurring made from non-living things (fossils & coal are made from living things that died so are not considered minerals) Not man made Minerals must be:

  3. Solid Have a fixed shape and volume Never living- inorganic Minerals must be:

  4. Have a definite crystal structure particles line up in a regular, repeating pattern. flat sides called faces, that meet at sharp edges and corners. Minerals must have: http://vasichkominerals.com/

  5. A definite chemical composition Always contains certain elements in the same proportion. Almost all minerals are compounds, (two or more different elements chemically joined). Minerals must have: http://www.eas.slu.edu/People/Students/woodhull/uraninite.html

  6. All minerals must: Occur naturally in nature Inorganic solid Crystal structure Definite chemical composition Minerals Review http://nature.ca/museum/press/2006/pr06-02-07_minstucson_e.cfm

  7. Hardness A measure of how easily a mineral can be scratched. Properties of Minerals http://www.info-diamond.co.uk

  8. Density Minerals will have a certain density regardless of the size of the sample. Each mineral has its own density called specificgravity Properties of Minerals http://www.astronomynotes.com/cosmolgy/

  9. Luster The way a mineral reflects light. Can be metallic or non-metallic. Shiny or dull. waxy, pearly, glassy. Properties of Minerals This is a gem stone called tourmaline it has a glassy luster

  10. Streak The color of its powder. Not always the same as the color of the mineral. Properties of Minerals http://geology.csupomona.edu/alert/mineral/streak.htm

  11. Color first thing noticed about minerals Properties of Minerals http://www.nmnh.si.edu/rtp/students/2004/virtualposters/poster

  12. Texture Grain Minerals Color Origin of rocks Rocks classification http://geology.com/rock-tumbler/tumbling-rough.shtml

  13. Texture is how a rock looks and feels texture in rocks is determined by the size, shape, and pattern of a rocks grains. Rock classification ocal.wasp.uwa.edu.au/.../rock/rock16.jpeg

  14. Grain Size -- large, small Shape --smooth, rough, round jagged Pattern – rows, waves, swirls, beads or random patterns Rock Classification http://www.union.edu/PUBLIC/GEODEPT/COURSES/geo-10/metamorphic.htm

  15. Mineral composition Rocks are made of more than one mineral Rock classification blue.utb.edu/.../PHYS1417SPR00/Unit3Lec.html

  16. Color rocks come in all sorts of colors Rock classification

  17. Origin of rocks How were the rocks formed - magma - erosion and layering - heat and pressure Rock Classification

  18. Igneous rocks are formed from the cooling of magma or lava Lava is magma that reaches the earth’s surface Origin of rocks www.outreach.canterbury.ac.nz/.../igneous.jpg

  19. Sedimentary rocks are formed from other rocks that are broken into small particles and moved by erosion (wind or water) The particles are squeezed or cemented together Rocks are layered Origin of rocks www.energyinst.org.uk/education/glossary/

  20. Metamorphic rocks are formed from other rocks Rocks have been pushed deep into the earth’s crust Pressure from the earth above and heat from the mantle below cause them to change shape, color, grain and crystal structure Origin of rocks http://www.classzone.com/books/earth_science/terc/content/visualizations/es0607/es0607page01.cfm?chapter_no=visualization

  21. Rock cycle http://www.classzone.com/books/earth_science/terc/content/investigations/es0602/es0602page02.cfm

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