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Ions in solids and solutions.

Ions in solids and solutions. -. -. +. -. +. +. -. -. +. Ions in ionic solids. Cl -. Na +. δ -. δ -. δ -. δ -. δ -. δ -. δ -. δ -. δ +. δ +. δ +. δ +. δ +. δ +. δ +. δ +. δ -. δ +. Ions in solution. Hydrated ions. -. +. Most electronegative. Polar molecules. O.

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Ions in solids and solutions.

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  1. Ions in solids and solutions.

  2. - - + - + + - - + Ions in ionic solids. Cl- Na+

  3. δ- δ- δ- δ- δ- δ- δ- δ- δ+ δ+ δ+ δ+ δ+ δ+ δ+ δ+ δ- δ+ Ions in solution. Hydrated ions - + Most electronegative Polar molecules O Oδ- H Hδ+ Hδ+ H

  4. Dissolving.

  5. δ- δ- δ- δ- δ- δ- δ- δ- δ- δ- δ- δ- δ- δ- δ- δ- δ- δ- δ- δ- δ- δ- δ- δ- δ- δ- δ+ δ+ δ+ δ+ δ+ δ+ δ+ δ+ δ+ δ+ δ+ δ+ δ+ δ+ δ+ δ+ δ+ δ+ δ+ δ+ δ+ δ+ δ+ δ+ δ+ δ+ Some bonds made Some bonds broken - - + - + + - - +

  6. - Some bonds broken Some bonds made - + - + + - - +

  7. + Some bonds made - - + - + Some bonds broken - - +

  8. Some bonds made Dissolving. Some bonds broken Exothermic Endothermic

  9. For Mg(NO3)2, the ions present in solution are Mg2+(aq)+ 2NO3-(aq) Try Q1 from CI 5.1. Page 40 will help you.

  10. Precipitation. A precipitate is a solid made when two solutions react.

  11. Ag+ Ag+ NO3- NO3- NO3- Cl- Cl- Cl- Na+ Na+ Na+

  12. NO3- NO3- Ag+ Na+ Na+ Cl- Ag+ Cl- Spectator ions

  13. Some bonds made Some bonds broken Ag+ Cl- Ag+ Cl-

  14. Some bonds made Precipitation. Some bonds broken Exothermic Endothermic

  15. NaCl(aq) + AgNO3(aq)  AgCl(s) + NaNO3(aq)

  16. NO3- NO3- Ag+ Na+ Na+ Cl- Ag+ Cl- Spectator ions

  17. NaCl(aq) + AgNO3(aq)  AgCl(s) + NaNO3(aq) Spectator ions Na+(aq) +Cl-(aq) + Ag+(aq) + NO3-(aq)  AgCl(s) + Na+(aq) + NO3-(aq) Ag+(aq) +Cl-(aq)  AgCl(s) Ionic equation

  18. More precipitations:Try Q3 from CI 5.1

  19. Neutralisation.

  20. HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq)  H2O(l) + NaCl(aq) Spectator ions H+(aq) +Cl-(aq) + Na+(aq) + OH-(aq)  H2O(l) + Na+(aq) + Cl-(aq) H+(aq) +OH-(aq)  H2O(l) Ionic equation

  21. More reactions of acids:Try Q5 from CI 5.1 A spectator ion is an aqueous ion on both sides of the equation!

  22. Finally…. + 0.078nm 2+ 26

  23. Water of crystallisation… Cu2+(aq) + SO42-(aq) + 5H2O(l)  CuSO4.5H2O Try Q4 from CI 5.1

  24. ICSD Chem Zone Lesson  Dissolve & Dissociate_files The hyperlink below is a good flash animation of dissolving: http://www1.icsd.k12.ny.us/chemzone/lessons/03bonding/dissociate.htm

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