Population and Migration

1. Population and Migration

2. Warm Up Question • What are the Top 10 most populous countries in the world?

3. Top 10 Countries by Population Rank Country Population 1 China 1,354,040,000 2 India 1,210,193,422 3 United States 315,822,000 4 Indonesia 237,641,326 5 Brazil 193,946,886 6 Pakistan 183,004,000 7 Nigeria 170,901,000 8 Bangladesh 152,518,015 9 Russia 143,369,806 10 Japan 127,340,000

4. Unit 2 – Population/Migration

7. Why do they have high populations? • Medical advances? • Quantity and quality of food? • Ethnic and religious issues? • Economic issues? • These factors also affect immigration/emmigration…

8. CITIES?

9. Top 10 Most Populous Cities? (by urban area)This includes surrounding suburban areas as well • 1.Tokyo, Japan (37,126,000) • 2.   Jakarta, Indonesia (26,063,000) • 3.   Seoul, South Korea (22,547,000) • 4.   Delhi, India (22,242,000) • 5.   Shanghai, China (20,860,000) • 6.   Manila, Philippines (20,767,000) • 7.   Karachi, Pakistan (20,711,000) • 8.   New York, USA (20,464,000) • 9.   Sao Paulo, Brazil (20,186,000) • 10. Mexico City, Mexico (19,463,000)

10. List of cities proper by populationmost populous cities in the world defined according to a concept of city proper (an urban locality without its suburbs)

11. Density of World Population

12. Let there be light

13. AGE DYNAMICS

14. Boys? Girls? 50 50

15. Where are they from? 11 14

16. Get money.Get money.No money?

17. Hungry fella?

19. U.S. (slow growth)

20. Tanzania, Africa (rapid growth)

21. China (One-child policy)

22. Migration • A type of mobility • Migration is a permanent move to a new location • Migration = relocation diffusion • Emigration • Immigration

23. Why Do People Migrate? • Reasons for migration • Most people migrate for economic reasons • Push and pull factors • Economic: people move away from places with poor economic opportunities and toward places with better ones • Cultural factors • Forced migration (e.g., slavery, refugees) • Political factors • Environmental factors

24. Push/Pull Factors Push Factors Not enough jobs Few opportunities Primitive conditions Desertification Famine or drought Political fear or persecution Slavery or forced labor Poor medical care Loss of wealth Natural disasters Death threats Lack of political or religious freedom Pollution Poor housing Landlord/tenant issues Bullying Discrimination Poor chances of marrying Condemned Housing (Radon Gas etc.) War/Civil War Pull Factors Job opportunities Better living conditions Political and/or religious freedom Enjoyment Education Better medical care Attractive climates Security Family links Industry Better chances of marrying

25. Where Are Migrants Distributed? • Impact of immigration on the United States • Legacy of European migration • Europe’s demographic transition • Stage 2 growth pushed Europeans out…WHY? • 65 million Europeans emigrate • Diffusion of European culture – eventually assimilated (melting pot)

26. Migration to the United States Northern and Western Europe Figure 3-8

28. Why Do Migrants Face Obstacles? • Immigration policies of host countries • U.S. quota laws – limit amount from each country each year • The Quota Act (1921) and The National Origins Act (1924) – For each country that had native-born persons already living in the U.S., 2% of their number could immigrate each year. • Where would most immigrants therefore come from??? • Ethnic Quotas for individual countries removed in 1965 • Temporary migration for work • Guest workers • Time-contract workers

29. Where Are Migrants Distributed? BORDER • Impact of immigration on the United States • Unauthorized immigration • 2008 = estimated at least 11.9 million unauthorized/ undocumented/illegal immigrants in the U.S. (Pew Research) • 2007 Immigration Policy Center lists 18.1 million • About 5.4 percent of the U.S. civilian labor force • Around 59 percent are undocumented/illegal immigrants from Mexico • 2000 mile long border

30. Intraregional Migration in the United States Figure 3-21