Population and Migration

1. Population and Migration Tabitha Johnson Cordell Taylor Akilah Davis Jquan Melvin

2. Population Concentration Two thirds of the world population is clustered in different regions or the earth. -East Asia - South Asia - SouthEast Asia - Europe.

4. Why these locations???? Located near an ocean or river with easy access to an ocean. Areas that are fertile and have a temperate climate.

5. Where can't people live? • "DRY LAND" Ex. Sahara Desert • "WET LANDS" Ex. Florida Everglades • "COLD LAND” Ex. Antartic • “HIGH LANDS” Ex. Himilayas Although, people CAN live in these areas!

6. Demographic Indicators refer to page 53-61 growth in a population decline birth and death rates the sex ratio TFR

7. The Demographic Transition Model • The DTM examines the process of change in a society’s population over time. • It is affected by high crude birth and death rates • It has 4 stages and each country is in at least one of them

8. The DTM

9. Stage 1 • The low growth stage • Very high birth & death rates produce virtually no long term natural increase • Due to uncertain food sources, the need for many kids, an deadly illnesses

10. Stage 2 • The high growth stage • Rapidly declining death rates, same birth rates produce a very high natural increase rate • Due to improve people still having lots of babies & better technology

11. Stage 3 • The moderate growth stage • birth rates rapidly decline, death rates continue to decline & natural increase rates begin to moderate • Due to people not having as many children, better health care, sanitation and food

12. Stage 4 • Low growth stage • Very low birth and death rates produce virtually no long term natural increase • Due to people working and having fewer babies

13. High and Low growth • Countries that are expected to have high population growth are India, Kenya, and Egypt • Countries expected to have low population growth are USA, France, Japan, Germany and Brazil

14. Population pyramids Population pyramids show a countries population based on age and gender.

15. Thomas Malthus

16. Chilling with Tom • Thomas Malthus was one of the first to argue that the world’s rate of population increase was going to outrun the development of foot supplies. • According to Malthus growing rates would produce the following people and food in the future:

17. Malthus’s theory was criticized by many “haters” because they considered his beliefs to be unrealistic. His theory was based on the belief that the world’s supply of resources is fixed rather than expanding. Though in his time, the theory was logical, but due to the development of economies and new technologies the world has to choose courses of action that expand the supply of food and other resources.

18. Neo-Malthusianism • Neo Malthusians (New Malthusians) argue that there are only 2 characteristics of recent population growth makes Malthus’s theory even more realistic than when it was written in his time 200 years ago.

20. Declining Birth rates • Although the world as a whole is not in danger of running out of food, some regions, with rapid population growth face shortages of food. • The NIR( Natural Increase Rate) can decrease because of lower birth rates or higher death rates. • This should be a refresher of the Demographic transition model

21. Demographic Transition Model

22. Migration • Permanent move to a new location. • Where are migrants distributed in the world? • Asia -> Europe • Asia -> North America • Latin America -> North America • Likely young males with no children. • Historical migration patterns - initially from Europe and Asia - 19th century from Europe - Today’s immigration pattern

23. Intervening Obstacles Before Today

24. Push vs. Pull factors Push factors Pull factors

25. Push vs. Pull Factors Economic - few job opportunities - jobs available. Cultural - refugees - political reasons Environmental - physically attractive - climate or hazardous reasons.