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Practical experience with new European fire testing standards and European technical approval U. Wörsdörfer + H. Haselmair Hilti Corporation, Schaan, FL.
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Practical experience with new European fire testing standards and European technical approval U. Wörsdörfer + H. Haselmair Hilti Corporation, Schaan, FL
This presentation is given in commemoration of my dear colleague Udo Wörsdörfer who should have given the presentation but died unexpectedly some weeks ago
Introduction • Limited practical experience: • ETAG 018 (FPP) published in 2006 (part 4) and 2007 (part 2 and 3) • ENV 13381-4: 2002 EN 13381-8 (intumescent coatings): Formal Vote EN 13381-4 revised (boards, renderings): Inquiry • ETAG 026 (FSSP) published early 2008 • EN 1366-3 (penetration seals): 09/2004, revision 03/2009 • EN 1366-4 (linear joint seals): 08/2006 • EN 1364-4 (curtain wall, part configuration): 06/2007 FPP = Fire Protective Products, FSSP = Fire Stopping and Fire Sealing Products
How to show compliance for FPP and FSSP in Europe? European route National route • Depending on national rules: • Fire test report (UK, IRL, …) • + national approval of fire test report • (ES, FR, PL, …) • Approval (DE) • Approval testing + AoC procedure • ETA • Certificate of Conformity • Declaration of Conformity • CE Marking FPP = Fire Protective Products, FSSP = Fire Stopping and Fire Sealing Products
What is the difference? European route National route • All regulated properties related • to the Essential Requirements • (CPD) to be assessed • Durability, Serviceability • 3rd party control • Must be accepted throughout • Europe • Only resistance to fire is assessed *) • No 3rd party control *) • Accepted in other countries only • when mutual agreement in place *) Apart from DE
unlimited 2007 / 2011 unlimited unlimited 2007 2008 / ? 2006 / 2010 2004 / 2012 2007 / 2012 2006 / 2011 Status of introduction of European Fire Classification • European classification • Possible in all Member States • EN Testing in many Member States obligatory for new tests • Deadline for validity of national test reports between 2010 and 2012 • First complete obligation in AT (05/2010) EN + national in parallel EN testing mandatory not yet decided tbc
1.2.2010 / 1.4.2012 1.4.2010 PS 1.11.2010 JS Draft! Status of obligation - ETA’s • Product with ETA must be accepted in all Member States • ETA at present voluntary in most Member States • Only with ETA a fire test result must be accepted all over Europe • ETA includes all regulatory requirements not only fire ETA voluntary ETA mandatory by law
Impact of legal situation for ETA’s National Level: Building Regulations Only minimum performance (fire resistance, noise protection etc.) defined European Level: CPD From November 2006 on no coexistence period defined for ETAG’s by EC anymore • ETA’s perceived voluntary • No driving force for ETA’s from legal side • Only a few ETA’s issued so far • Harmonisation de facto stopped!!
What is the reason for reluctance of industry to use ETA’s? Market distortion because of • Differences between European and national test results • Less effort when using only fire test/classification report compared to a full ETA assessment
Difference EN – National testing: Steel protection • Safety margins unrealistic high for reactive coatings => not competitive => Revision of EN 13381-4 and separation in 2 parts • Hollow sections not covered
Difference EN – National testing: Linear joint seals • Fire test at joint extension equal to 100% movement capability: movement not considered in national standards => disadvantage when EN testing • Test equipment for fire tests including movement not available before spring 2009 – • Only 1 laboratory in Europe equipped so far • Detailed classification: e.g. EI 30 – H – M25 – B – W 30 to 90 = Linear joint seal with 30 minutes fire resistance, horizontal orientation, movement capability of 25%, with pre-fabricated and on-site made splices for joint widths of 30 to 90 mm • Special test for curtain wall perimeter seals (EN 1364-4)
Special test standard for curtain wall perimeter joint (EN 1364-4) • To be tested together with façade element *) • Minimum 3 m joint length • Strict field of application rules related to use of standard configurations • ETAG requires cycling before fire test (no equipment available in Europe so far) *) DIN standard similar to EN
Difference EN – National testing: Penetration seals • More severe test conditions (e.g. furnace pressure) • Strict field of application rules related to use of standard configurations (e.g. maximum cable diameter of 80 mm – although more severe cable configuration) • Pipe end configuration as part of classification: e.g. EI 120 U/C: Penetration seal with 90 minutes fire resistance for closed piping systems (test condition: capped outside the furnace)
Difference EN 1366-3:2004 and revised version 2009 • Furnace Pressure – Specimen location (5.2): simpler approach • Distances: no obligation for 200 mm between pipes (6.1) • Strut system as modern alternative for standard service support construction introduced, also for pipes (6.3.3.2, Fig. A.8 and E.10) • Blank penetration seal necessary for definition of maximum seal size; definition of thermocouple location added (Fig. 3) • New definition of standard supporting constructions (7.2) • New insulation pad for thermocouples (9.1.2.1): simpler to install
EN 1366-3:2009: Furnace pressure – Specimen location old: new:
EN 1366-3:2009: Cable penetration seals – What is new? • New Cables • New Grouping • Split depending on Seal Size • Special Seal Types G2 C1 D2 F E B A3 A1 C2 D1 C3 D3
EN 1366-3:2009: Cables c The new selection of cables for the standard configuration considers all known influencing parameters and is thought to be representative for all cables used in buildings in Europe. Small Sheathed S = Sheathed Medium Sheathed W = Wire Large Sheathed Telecommunication Cable T = Telecommuni- cation cable Wires *) Insulation / Sheath
EN 1366-3:2009: Standard configuration – Large seals Options "Small" "Medium" "Large" "Cable bundle" „Wires" "Conduits"
EN 1366-3:2009: Field of application – Cable seals "Small" "Medium" "Large" Small Cables (A1, A2, A3, B) + Medium Cables (C1, C2, C3, E) all Sheathed Cables (including Telecommunication / Data Cables) ≤ 50 mm Ø) Small Cables (A1, A2, A3, B) all Sheathed Cables (including Telecommunication / Data Cables) ≤ 21 mm Ø Small Cables (A1, A2, A3, B) + Medium Cables (C1, C2, C3, E) + Large Cables (D1, D2, D3) all Sheathed Cables (including Telecommunication / Data Cables) ≤ 80 mm Ø)
+ + + or B- or E-cable, depending on seal size EN 1366-3:2009: Standard configuration – Small seals Proposal for Standard configuration to cover all sheathed cables: maximum seal size minimum seal size
EN 1366-3: Pipe penetration seals - New definition of "Insulation" continued Case CS Case CI local Case LS Case LI
l b or h EN 1366-3:2009: Pipe penetration seals • Maximum seal size to be determined by testing a blank seal (b or h x l), except for mortar seals and seals made from rigid boards or mineral wool boards with a density of ≥ 150 kg/m3 • Pipe end configuration U/C (capped outside!) covers all situations => different to pipe end configuration commonly used in the past!
EN 1366-3:2009: Plastic pipes - Selection of specimens • Determination of “Length Groups" and "Design Groups" (thickness and length of the active component of the pipe closure device is equal for varying device sizes / pipe diameters) • The maximum device size per design group is tested in combination with maximum and minimum pipe wall thickness • Design groups in the middle of the size range may be omitted, if the relevant parameters are located above the connection line (see diagram)
Length-Group 1 EN 1366-3:2009: Rules for plastic pipes – Pipe wall thickness • The range between the wall thicknesses tested is covered for a particular device size • The maximum wall thickness, tested with the largest device, covers all smaller sizes within a "Design-Group" • Interpolation allowed for "Design-Groups" not tested (see diagram)
EN 1366-3:2009: Rules for plastic pipes – Pipe end configuration • All field of application rules valid for the pipe end configuration tested • Application of test results: see Table. Y = covered; N = not covered • Different to rules in the past!! Capped outside (U/C) normally used in the past! Considerable difference in test results!
EN 1366-3:2009: Rules for plastic pipes – Pipe material • Similar approach like German “Stellvertreterprüfung” but only very limited number of materials covered when PVC-U or PE-HD pipes are tested • Pipe standard to be considered and recorded! • Reaction to fire behaviour of pipes may be different in Germany and other Member States (minimum requirements in DE) => different behaviour in fire test? • More experience necessary to extend the rules => common research project?
EN 1366-3:2009: New - Mixed Penetration Seals • Combination of cables, metal pipes and plastic pipes or other services • Test goal: are there interactions between cables/cable trays and pipes? • Standard Mixed Module
EN 1366-3:2009: Mixed Penetration Seals - Options Option 1 (no test results available for the product): • Standard cable configuration + • Standard Mixed Module + • Pipes depending on intended field of application cables of the Standard Mixed Module: A1, B, C1, D3, E G2
EN 1366-3:2009: The "Critical Pipe" Approach • May save considerable test effort on pipe variations • Critical pipes are: • Pipes with integrity failure within 5 minutes after the intended classification time • Pipes that are closest to the 180K threshold
EN 1366-3:2009: Standard flexible wall • Error in table of 2004 version corrected • Smaller width possible, restrained only top and bottom • New approach developed • Varying stud widths considered • Insulation of wall related to aperture framing: “one stop shop” test situation possible to cover both insulated and non-insulated walls • Number and thickness of boards only relevant when no aperture framing is used • Sandwich panel constructions are not covered! • Constructions with uncovered studs are not covered (e.g. shaft walls) • Applications in rigid walls (≥ thickness, ≥ density) are covered (exception pipe closure devices within the wall)
EN 1366-3:2009: What to do with old test results? • 2009 version offers more options (e.g. mixed penetration seals) but is more detailed and restrictive in standard configurations and field of application rules • The difference has to be considered when test results from 2004 version are planned to be used: • e.g. only rubber cables of 2004 version may be considered => tests to be repeated to get full cable coverage! • Classical max/min size approach for collars/wraps not sufficient: more tests necessary • Tests laboratories have to make sure that a common approach is used throughout Europe: training necessary also for lab staff!
The Future? - CPR (Construction Products Regulation) • First reading in Parliament passed with considerable number of amendments • Discussion in Council Working Group not yet finished • Current draft not consistent in itself • Obligation for products with European Approvals under discussion: high number of Member States in favour but no qualified majority so far
Highly safety relevant products excluded from harmonisation? • The bizarre situation that harmonisation for highly safety relevant construction products for applications with a special European classification system should be voluntary must be changed!! CE Marking: mandatory - voluntary Safety relevance low - high (AoC system)