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Literary Terms

Literary Terms. Alliteration. The repetition of initial sounds in neighboring words. He s ings a s olitary s ong that w histles in the w ind. Allusion. A brief reference to a famous historical event or literary writing.

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Literary Terms

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  1. Literary Terms

  2. Alliteration • The repetition of initial sounds in neighboring words. He sings a solitary song that whistles in the wind.

  3. Allusion • A brief reference to a famous historical event or literary writing. "Five score years ago...." Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., used this in his “I Have a Dream Speech.” This alludes to Abraham Lincoln and the way he began his “Gettysburg Address” by saying “Four score and seven years ago….”

  4. Assonance • The repetition of vowel sounds in neighboring words. Her feet danced as she was sweeping the street.

  5. Bias / Propaganda • Bias is a judgment or strong opinion based on a personal point of view. • Propaganda is a technique or tactic (such as emotional appeal, bandwagon, repetition, testimonial) used to influence people to buy or do something, or to persuade them to believe as you do.

  6. Characterization & Dialogue • Characterization is the process of revealing a character (personality, role, and appearance) in a story. • Dialogue (speech of one or more characters’ between themselves or their thoughts) is a key way to get insight into the personality of a character. “I say, my dear boy, won’t you kindly let me step into the parlor on such a frigid day?” asked Uncle Martin. This dialogue reveals Uncle Martin’s character to be proper, polite, and a bit old-fashioned.

  7. Genre • A category used to classify literature, such as romance, mystery, science fiction, poetry, etc. Examples: Lord of the Rings Fantasy Horror

  8. Homophone • Words pronounced alike that have different spellings and/or meanings. Examples: flour flower heal heel

  9. Hyperbole • An exaggeration. I told you a billion times to keep your bike out of the driveway. His arms hung a mile out of his sleeves.

  10. Idiom • A peculiar expression that cannot be taken literally. Let’s get on the ball. Break a leg!

  11. Imagery • Language that evokes any of the five senses: hearing, taste, touch, smell, sight. (Example from After Apple Picking, by Robert Frost) Magnified apples appear and reappear, Stem end and blossom end, And every fleck of russet showing clear. My instep arch not only keeps the ache, It keeps the pressure of a ladder-round. And I keep hearing from the cellar-bin That rumbling soundOf load on load of apples coming in.

  12. Internal Rhyme • Rhyming within a line. While I nodded, nearly napping, suddenly there came a tapping,As of someone gently rapping, rapping at my chamber door.

  13. Irony • An implied difference between what is said and what is meant. Three kinds of irony: • 1. verbal irony is when an author says one thing and means something else.2. dramatic irony is when an audience perceives something that a character in the literature does not know.3. irony of situation is a discrepency between the expected result and actual results. • Example:"A fine thing indeed!" he muttered to himself.

  14. Literal vs. Figurative • Literal – conveying an exact and accurate meaning through words; true to fact The sun was really shining brightly this morning. • Figurative – language that cannot be taken literally as it is written to create a special effect or feeling; metaphoric or representative speech The sun was smiling like a proud parent upon the children of the Earth.

  15. Metaphor • The comparison of two unlike things. He is a pig. You are my sunshine.

  16. Mood • The emotional feeling or atmosphere generated in a writing.

  17. Tone • The attitude a writer takes toward a subject or character in his/her writing.

  18. Tone example: • Why am I here? he found himself wondering about life. I am a good kid, Dylan thought. He sat silent and wondered about the things really weighing on his mind. In the hours of quiet meditation, Dylan realized he was afraid of the future. All of his friends knew what they wanted to be, and he had no idea what he would do with his life. His older brother was already excelling in Princeton, and even his kid sister was an aspiring ballerina who wanted to study music. Dylan's parents had chosen their professions straight out of college and were both pretty successful.

  19. Tone example: • 1.  The overall tone of the language portrays Dylan as • A. pretentious • B. compassionate • C. generous • D. contemplative

  20. Onomatopoeia • A word that imitates the sound it represents. Bang Splash Kerplunk

  21. Oxymoron • Putting two contradictory words together. Parting is such sweet sorrow. A small crowd had gathered.

  22. Personification • Giving human qualities to animals or objects. The sun was smiling on us today.

  23. Which line contains personification? Vinnie passes the girls in the hallwayThey look like flowers giggling in MayTheir eyes sparkling like diamondsAll in their own constellationsVinnie looks at the janitorsSweeping the floors in silenceSometimes a smile slips throughAnd they watch Vinnie watch them

  24. Plot Storyline which contains Exposition, Conflict, Rising Action, Climax, Falling Action, Resolution

  25. Point of View 1st person I was going to the mall. 2nd person You were going to the mall. 3rd person They (he/she) were going to the mall.

  26. Satire • A literary tone used to ridicule or make fun of human vice or weakness.

  27. Simile • The comparison of two unlike things using like, as, or than. He eats like a pig. I wandered lonely as a cloud. My fingers were colder thanice cubes.

  28. Symbolism • An object that represents a thought or idea.

  29. Symbolism – sample question • Dion woke up to his alarm on Saturday morning with the usual feelings of gloom and apprehension. Unlike the kids who got to sleep in or watch morning cartoons, Dion dreaded Saturdays. On Saturdays, he had to go see Grandfather Gene, the most obstinate person in the world.     Grandfather Gene's resilient habits included using a hammer when eating crab, going barefoot on the coldest days of winter, and barking at anyone who knocks on his door. Any attempts to break his habits were met with a gruff “I can do whatever I want.”

  30. Symbolism – sample question • The grandfather is a symbol of • A. bad eating habits • B. disappointment • C. stubbornness • D. exhaustion.

  31. Theme • The main idea or insight or lesson that an author is trying to convey in his/her writing. The theme of the movie The Wizard of Oz is that there is no place like home.

  32. Theme – sample question • One of the themes of the story “To Build a Fire” by Jack London was • A. Watch where you mine for gold. • B. Listen to your elders. • C. Don’t try to kill your dog. • D. Snow shoes made out of tennis racquets don’t work.

  33. Syntax Difficult would be it read to the if words order out were of.

  34. Synonym vs. Antonym Synonyms are words that mean the same. Loud – Bright – Antonyms are words that mean the opposite. Flat – Annoying –

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