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“ Are we really what we eat? ” “ Where does the ‘ stuff ’ that makes us come from? ”

“ Are we really what we eat? ” “ Where does the ‘ stuff ’ that makes us come from? ”. -macromolecules. Compounds. Inorganic: compound that does NOT have carbon Organic: compound that HAS carbon. Sources of Food . Autotrophs make their own food but....

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“ Are we really what we eat? ” “ Where does the ‘ stuff ’ that makes us come from? ”

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  1. “Are we really what we eat?”“Where does the ‘stuff’ that makes us come from?” -macromolecules

  2. Compounds • Inorganic: compound that does NOT have carbon • Organic: compound that HAS carbon

  3. Sources of Food • Autotrophs make their own food but.... • We are heterotrophs so we need to get our food from other organisms • What are some autotrophs we eat? • Other heterotrophs?

  4. Why Do We Need To Eat Food? • Energy • 8 characteristics of living things “obtain energy and materials from other organisms” • Provide our bodies with materials to grow

  5. So How Does a Cheeseburger Give Us Energy? • Digestion: Breaks food down into molecules that our bodies can use • Our Stars: Carbohydrates Lipids/ Fats Proteins

  6. Can you identify these macromolecules?

  7. Carbohydrates • Function: Main source of energy for the body

  8. Men’s World Record Marathon: 2h 03:38 Patrick MakauKenya 25 September 2011 Berlin Women’s World Record Marathon: 2h15:25 Paula RadcliffeUnited Kingdom 13 April 2003 London

  9. Carbohydrates • Variety of Forms: • Sugars • Glucose • Fructose • Lactose • Starch

  10. Carbohydrates • Diet: • Fruits • Pastas • These sugars and starches are the carbs that give us energy • They are made up of many parts called monosaccharides (MONOMER)

  11. Carbohydrate Examples • Glucose: the main source of energy in the body. • Made from photosynthesis

  12. Carbohydrate Examples: • Glycogen: stored in liver and muscle cells, and is a secondary long-term energy storage (animals)

  13. Carbohydrate Examples: • Starch: a stored form of energy (plants)

  14. Carbohydrate Examples: • Cellulose: a chain of sugar molecules that gives the cell wall in plants their strength

  15. Carbohydrates • Recap: Carbs like sugar (glucose) and starches are our main source of energy. These carbs are made up of smaller units called monosaccharides, and can be found in foods such as pasta and fruit.

  16. Lipids/ Fats • A calorie is a unit of energy • When we eat more calories than we burn, the extra energy is stored as what? • Fat • Function: lipids are a way to store energy in the body

  17. Lipids/ Fats • Variety of Forms • Fats • Oils • Waxes

  18. Lipids/ Fats • Diet: • Oils (Olive Oil) • Fats (animal fat) • Subunits: Lipids are made up of many parts called fatty acids (MONOMER).

  19. Saturated vs. Unsaturated Fats Why one type is better for you.....

  20. Saturated Fats: have no bends in their chains so they are solid at room temperature.

  21. Unsaturated Fat: bends in chain make this a liquid at room temperature

  22. Phospholipids: molecule that makes up the cell membrane

  23. Steroids: a type of lipid (ex. cholesterol)

  24. Lipids/ Fats Recap: Lipids like fats, oils, and waxes are another source of energy. These lipids are made up of smaller units called fatty acids, and can be found in foods such as olive oil or butter.

  25. Proteins • Functions: • Form muscles • Control reactions • Help move substances into cells

  26. Proteins • Variety of forms: • Enzymes: control reactions • Hormones • hemoglobin

  27. Proteins • Diet: • Meats • Nuts • Subunits: • Proteins are made up of many parts called amino acids.

  28. Proteins • Recap: Proteins like enzymes, hemoglobin, and hormones help control reactions and create muscle. These proteins are made up of smaller units called amino acids, and can be found in foods such as meats and nuts. http://www.gamequarium.org/cgi-bin/search/linfo.cgi?id=8448

  29. Nucleic Acids • Another type of macromolecule • But this one does not come directly from your diet • Functions: • stores your genetic information • Provides instructions for making new cells

  30. Nucleic Acids • Variety of Forms • DNA • RNA • Subunits: • Nucleic acids are made up of many parts called nucleotides.

  31. Nucleic Acids • Recap: Nucleic acids like DNA and RNA store genetic information. These nucleic acids are made up of smaller units called nucleotides.

  32. Monomers vs. Polymers • Monomers: subunits • Polymers: “many parts”; a string of monomers http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SgWgLioazSo

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