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KS3 Chemistry

KS3 Chemistry. 9E Metals and Metal Compounds. Contents. 9E Metals and Metal Compounds. Metals and non-metals. Metals and acids. Metal compounds and acids. Symbol equations. Summary activities. Metal or non-metal?. magnesium (Mg). phosphorus (P). sulfur (S). H. He.

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KS3 Chemistry

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  1. KS3 Chemistry 9E Metals and Metal Compounds

  2. Contents 9E Metals and Metal Compounds Metals and non-metals Metals and acids Metal compounds and acids Symbol equations Summary activities

  3. Metal or non-metal? magnesium (Mg) phosphorus (P) sulfur (S) H He copper (Cu) Li Be B C N O F Ne iodine (I) iron (Fe) Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe Cs Ba La Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn Fr Ra Ac Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt ? ? ? antimony (Sb) Is this element a or a ? metal non-metal Hard to say! Mg Mg P S S P Fe Cu Fe Cu Sb I I Sb

  4. Metals and non-metals in the periodic table The periodic table is a list of all the known elements which are arranged according to the similarities in their properties. Non-metals are mostly on the right. Metals are on the left and in the centre. Xe What type of elements are between metals and non-metals?

  5. Metals and non-metals in the periodic table

  6. Metal, non-metal or metalloid? H He Li Be B C N O F Ne Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe Cs Ba La Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn Fr Ra Ac Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt ? ? ? francium (Fr) krypton (Kr) silicon (Si) scandium (Sc) cobalt (Co) metalloid non-metal metal metal metal Which side are the non-metals on? Which side are the metals on? What are metalloids? Metals are on the left and in the centre. Metalloids sometimes behave like metals and sometimes like non-metals. Non-metals are mostly on the right.

  7. What are the properties of metals? malleable (easy to bend) shiny solid sonorous (makes a sound) good conductor of electricity Properties of metals dense strong high melting point good conductor of heat ductile (can be drawn into wires) high boiling point Do all metals have these properties?

  8. Properties of metals and non-metals

  9. Metals and non-metals – true or false?

  10. Using metals Can all metals do the same job?.

  11. Using metals activity

  12. Contents 9E Metals and Metal Compounds Metals and non-metals Metals and acids Metal compounds and acids Symbol equations Summary activities

  13. Reaction of metals with acids Many metals react with acids. When this happens the metal fizzes as bubbles are produced. hydrogen burning splint What do the bubbles mean? magnesium + acid A gas is produced. How can you test to find out if the gas produced is hydrogen? Place a burning splint next to the mouth of test tube. A ‘squeaky pop’ as the gas ignites shows that hydrogen is the gas produced in this reaction.

  14. Reaction of metals with acids When a metalreacts with an acid, the products are a salt and hydrogen gas. metal nitric acid sulfuric acid hydrochloric acid acid metal nitrate metal sulfate metal chloride salt hydrogen The salt produced depends on the metal and type of acid involved in the reaction: • When a metal reacts with hydrochloric acid, the salt produced is a metalchloride. • When a metal reacts with sulfuric acid, the salt produced is a metal sulfate. • When a metal reacts with nitric acid, the salt produced is a metal nitrate.

  15. Complete the word equations Complete the word equations for metals reacting with acid: magnesium ? nitric acid magnesium nitrate hydrogen iron sulfuric acid ? hydrogen iron sulfate zinc hydrochloric acid ? zinc chloride hydrogen lead ? ? sulfuric acid lead sulfate hydrogen

  16. Reactivity of metals Some metals react more vigorously with acids than others. Metals can be listed in order of how reactive they are. This list is called the reactivity series. potassium sodium calcium magnesium aluminium zinc iron lead (hydrogen) copper silver gold • The more reactive the metal, the more vigorous the reaction. increasing reactivity • A metal that is below hydrogen will not react with dilute acids.

  17. Contents 9E Metals and Metal Compounds Metals and non-metals Metals and acids Metal compounds and acids Symbol equations Summary activities

  18. Reaction of metal carbonates with acids When a metal carbonate reacts with an acid, it fizzes giving off carbon dioxide gas. Carbon dioxide can be tested for using the limewater test. When carbon dioxide gas is bubbled through limewater, it turns the limewater cloudy or milky white. Most metal carbonates are not very soluble and so the reactions may be slow.

  19. Reaction of metal carbonates with acids When a metalcarbonate reacts with an acid, the products are a salt, carbon dioxide and water. nitric acid metal nitrate salt metal chloride metal sulfate metal carbonate water acid sulfuric acid hydrochloricacid carbon dioxide The salt produced depends on the metal carbonate and type of acid involved in the reaction: • When a metal carbonate reacts with hydrochloric acid, the salt produced is a metal chloride. • When a metal carbonate reacts with sulfuric acid, the salt produced is a metal sulfate. • When a metal carbonate reacts with nitric acid, the salt produced is a metal nitrate.

  20. Complete the word equations metal carbonate acid salt carbon dioxide water Complete the word equation for each reaction between a metal carbonates and an acid: sodium carbonate ? nitric acid sodium nitrate ? carbon dioxide water ? calcium carbonate nitric acid calcium nitrate carbon dioxide water zinc carbonate sulfuric acid zinc sulfate ? ? carbon dioxide water ?

  21. Reaction of metal oxides with acids When a metal oxide reacts with an acid, the products are a salt and water. metal oxide acid salt water A metal oxide is a type of chemical called a base. Bases are chemicals that react with an acid to produce a salt and water. A base that is soluble in water is called an alkali. Using the products as a clue,whatisthereactionbetween a base (such as a metal oxide) and an acid called? neutralization

  22. Complete the word equations metal oxide acid salt water Complete the word equation for each reaction between a metal oxide and an acid: ? magnesium oxide nitric acid magnesium nitrate ? water iron sulfate ? zinc oxide sulfuric acid ? water iron oxide hydrochloric acid iron chloride ? water ?

  23. Contents 9E Metals and Metal Compounds Metals and non-metals Metals and acids Metal compounds and acids Symbol equations Summary activities

  24. Chemical formulae – what is the ratio of atoms? The name of a chemical can also be written as a formula. A formula uses chemical symbols and numbers to show the ratio of atoms of each element present in the chemical. Name of salt Formula Ratio of atoms in salt calciumchloride CaCl2 Ca Cl 2 1 sodiumsulphate Na2SO4 Na S O 1 2 4 magnesiumsulphate MgSO4 Mg S O 1 4 1 magnesiumnitrate Mg(NO3)2 Mg N O 2 6 1 calciumsulphate CaSO4 Ca S O 1 4 1

  25. What is the ratio of atoms in each salt? What is the ratio of atoms in each salt? Name of salt Formula Ratio of atoms in salt NaCl sodiumchloride 1 Na 1 Cl magnesiumchloride MgCl2 1 Mg 2 Cl potassiumnitrate KNO3 1 K 1 N 3 O K2SO4 potassiumsulphate 2 K 4 O 1 S Ca(NO3)2 calciumnitrate 1 Ca 6 O 2 N

  26. Writing equations using chemical formulae zinc hydrochloric acid zinc chloride hydrogen The names of chemicals in a word equation can be replaced with chemical formulae. When a chemical reaction is written using chemical formulae, the equation must be balanced. Zn + HCl → ZnCl2+ H2 2 1 Zn 1 H, 1 Cl 2 H, 2 Cl 1 Zn, 2 Cl 2 H • Write down the formula for each chemical. • Count the number of atoms on each side of the equation. • Where needed, adjust the numbers in front of the formula so that the numbers of atoms on each side are balanced.

  27. Writing and balancing chemical equations Pb + HCl → PbCl2 + H2 2 Ca + HCl → CaCl2 + H2 2 Use chemical formulae to write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction between lead and hydrochloric acid. lead hydrochloric acid lead chloride hydrogen Use chemical formulae towrite a balanced chemical equation for the reaction between calcium oxide and hydrochloric acid. calcium hydrochloric acid calcium chloride hydrogen

  28. Balancing equations activity

  29. Contents 9E Metals and Metal Compounds Metals and non-metals Metals and acids Metal compounds and acids Symbol equations Summary activities

  30. Glossary alkali – A soluble base. base –A compound (such as a metal oxide) that reacts with an acid to produce a salt and water. conductor –A material that allows heat and electricity to travel through it easily. malleable –A material that can be hammered into shape. metal –An element found on the left of the periodic table which is usually hard, shiny and a good conductor. metal carbonate –A compound made of a metal, carbon and oxygen. It reacts with acid to produce a salt, carbon dioxide and water. metal oxide –A compound made of a metal and oxygen. It reacts with acid to produce a salt and water. property –A characteristic of a material.

  31. Anagrams

  32. Multiple-choice quiz

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