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The Intelligent Designer is the God who created the world recently

ID and Young World. The Intelligent Designer is the God who created the world recently. Evidence for a young world connects the Designer with the Bible. Old. Young. Outline. Introduction Astronomy Examples of a Young Universe Geology Examples of a Young Earth

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The Intelligent Designer is the God who created the world recently

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  1. ID and Young World The Intelligent Designer is the God who created the world recently Evidence for a young world connects the Designer with the Bible Old Young

  2. Outline • Introduction • Astronomy Examples of a Young Universe • Geology Examples of a Young Earth • Biological Examples of life being young • Carbon Dating (Organic materials) • Uranium-Lead Dating (Inorganic materials) • Summary

  3. Materials cannot create things: information and sequencing of language is the key No fossil evidence for macro-evolution exists No biochemical mechanism for macro-evolution exists (recall Behe) Design argues against evolution (recall Newton) Law of Biogenesis argues against evolution and Spontaneous Generation (recall Pasteur) Thermodynamics argues against evolution (recall Kelvin) Randomness cannot create things (recall Maxwell) Why I don’t believe in evolution Question: If evolution is not true, is there a need for long periods of time in the earth’s history???

  4. Long time, age, eon To thousandth generation Thousands of myriads of years Scripture connection The Bible insiststhat the world is young “For in six days the LORD made the heavens and the earth … “ — Exodus 20:11 Context: Ordinary days days six Not used:

  5. James Ussher (1581-1656), Archbishop of Armagh, Primate of All Ireland, and Vice-Chancellor of Trinity College in Dublin was highly regarded in his day as a churchman and as a scholar. Of his many works, his treatise on chronology has proved the most durable. Based on an intricate correlation of Middle Eastern and Mediterranean histories and Holy writ, it was incorporated into an authorized version of the Bible printed in 1701, and thus came to be regarded with almost as much unquestioning reverence as the Bible itself. Having established the first day of creation as Sunday 23 October 4004 BC, by the arguments set forth in the passage below, Ussher calculated the dates of other biblical events, concluding, for example, that Adam and Eve were driven from Paradise on Monday 10 November 4004 BC, and that the ark touched down on Mt Ararat on 5 May 2348 BC `on a Wednesday'.

  6. God made them male and female. Jesus Christsays the world is young But from the beginning of creation, — Mark 10:6 Now 4000 years 2000 years — No room for long ages

  7. Hundreds of physical processesset limits on the age of the world 1. Helium in atmosphere 2. Helium in ground 3. Meteor dust 4. Buildup of carbon 14 5. Human population 6. Natural plutonium 7. Sodium in sea 8. Sediment in sea 9. Erosion of continents 21. Coral reef growth 22. Oldest living plants 23. Human civilizations 24. River delta growth 25. Undersea oil seepage 26. Uranium in sea 27. Neutrons and lead 28. Rotation of spiral galaxies 29. Interstellar gas expansion 30. C-14 in meteorites 31. Decay of comets 32. Interplanetary dust removal 33. Lifetime of meteor showers 34. Dust on the moon 35. Slowing of earth's rotation 36. Heat loss from earth 41. Peat bog growth 42. Multi-layer fossils 43. Hardening of rocks 44. Decay of Saturn's rings 45. Potassium in the sea 46. Titan's methane loss 47. Internal heat of Io 48. Leaching of chlorine 49. Radiogenic lead 50. Niagara Falls erosion 51. Stone age burials 52. Seafloor calareceous ooze 53. Uranium decay 54. Squashed radiohalos 55. Young water to sea 56. Magma to earth's crust 10. Earth's magnetic field 11. Oil leaks in earth 12. Natural gas in earth 13. Orphan radiohalos 14. Neutrons and strontium 15. Decay of rock magnetism 16. Tight bends in rocks Most give an age less than billions of years

  8. Many of the processes setupper limits, not lower limits Age (years) 10 Billion 100 Million 1 Million 10,000 Evolution Bible Process 1 2 3 4 5

  9. Galaxies wind themselves up too fast Supposed to be 10 billion years old Less than 0.3 billion years windup

  10. Not enough supernova “smoke rings” Only 200 remnants seen in our galaxy: Only 7,000 years worth Crab Nebula

  11. Comets crumble too quickly Supposed to be 5 billion years old Lifetime in Solar System: Less than 10,000 years

  12. Seafloor mud accumulates too fast Mud entering: 25 billion tons / year Ocean Mud: 400 meters Continent Subducting Plate Mud leaving: 1 billion tons / year Max age: 12 million years

  13. The sea is not salty enough Out: 120million tons per year Sodium In: 450 million tons per year Max age: 62 million years

  14. The Earth’s magnetic field is losing energy too fast Earth's core Loses half its energy every 1400 years Lost energy faster during reversals in Genesis Flood Current Max age: 20,000 years

  15. Biological material decays too fast 6,000 ----------- DNA 1. “Mitochondrial Eve” 200,000 years < 10,000 --------------- 2. DNA in amber: 135 million years < 10,000 --------------- 3. DNA in dino bones: 70 million years < 10,000 --------------- 4. Permian bacteria revived: 250 million years < 10,000 ------------ 5. Neandertal DNA: 100,000 years < 10,000 --------------- 6. Dinosaur blood cells: 70 million years

  16. Only thousands exist. Max ~ 500 years Not enough Stone Age graves Evolutionism: Human Population Farming Limited food Over 6 Billion graves 1 Million Time 160,000 years Time

  17. Written history is too short Number of Documents Billions Millions Thousands One Abraham Christ Now ~ 4500 years

  18. 1. Galaxies 2. Supernovas 3. Comets The heavens are young 4. Mud 5. Sea Salt 6. Magnetic Field Theearth is young 7. Biological decay 8. Stone age graves 9.History shortness Life is young What about carbon dating and all that? These data implythe whole creation is young

  19. Radiocarbon dating for living things and other methods for non-living things (K-Ar, U-Pb, etc.) Radioactive decay is measurable and hence can be used as a clock to measure ages Constant rate of decay C-14 has always been the same in air as present; that is, equilibrium is assumed, the idea that the rate of C-14 decay equals the C-14 production rate. No leeching occurred during transition from mother to daughter element (Boundary condition, nothing coming into the system) All of mother element transitioned into daughter element (Boundary condition, nothing going out of the system) No daughter element was present at beginning (initial condition) Radioactive dating assumptions Radiometric Dating Assumptions

  20. Carbon dating All fossils have young C-14 ages Conventional : Millions Standard C-14: <70,000 Corrected C-14: 5,000 Coal, wood, shells, bone, marble, natural gas, CO2, calcite, oil. Number of samples Percent of modern C-14/C ratio

  21. Carbon 14 contaminates all creatures N14+cosmic radiation=C14 CO 2 Biosphere: Air, Plants, Animals, Soil, Sea 1 62 tons C-14 In Biosphere today: = = C-12 75 trillion tons 1.2 trillion One out of every trillion carbonatoms in your body isradioactive !

  22. C-14/C-12 Ratio Decay 0 Time Now Birth Death When a creature dies,carbon-14 in it slowly decreases.

  23. Middle Tertiary (conventional ‘age’ of 33 Myr from Geologic Column) wood from Crinium, Queensland, Australia, with uncorrected C-14 age of 44,700 years.

  24. Wood in Jurassic siltstone (conventional ‘age’ of 185 Myr from Geologic Column) Edgehill, England, with uncorrected C-14 age of 24,000 years.

  25. Coalified wood from the Permian coal seam (conventional ‘age’ of 250 Myr from Geologic Column) New South Wales, Australia, with uncorrected C-14 age of 33,700 years.

  26. Detection Limit for the AMS Method The detection limit for the AMS method is about one 14C atom for every 101712C atoms, or an absolute 14C/12C ratio of 10-17. Since the modern 14C/12C ratio in living things is about 10-12, the AMS method can measure ratios as low as about 10-5 times (0.001%) the modern ratio (0.001 percent modern carbon or pmc). Assuming the modern 14C/12C ratio prevailed in the atmosphere uniformly back in the past, 0.001 pmc corresponds to an age of 95,000 years.

  27. Absolute Age Limitation for 14C The observed 14C half-life of 5730 years implies the number of 14C atoms in a sample is reduced by 1/2 every 5730 years. After 40 half-lives or 229,200 years, the amount of 14C is diminished by a factor of (1/2)40 = 10-12. This is 10-7 smaller than the AMS detection limit and as such cannot be used beyond this limit.

  28. 57,000 years Uniformitarian Age (years) 48,000 years 41,000 years Figure 1. Uniformitarian age as a function of 14C/C ratio in percent modern carbon (pmc). The uniformitarian approach for interpreting the 14C data assumes a constant 14C production rate and a constant biospheric carbon inventory extrapolated into the indefinite past. It does not account for the possibility of a recent global catastrophe that removed a large quantity of carbon from the biospheric inventory. Purple band shows range of values for most ’14C dead’ biological samples. 0.3 Percent Modern Carbon

  29. Item 14C/C (pmc) (±1 S.D.) Material Reference 1 0.71±?* Marble Aerts-Bijma et al. [1] 2 0.65±0.04 Shell Beukens [8] 3 0.61±0.12 Foraminifera Arnold et al. [2] 4 0.60±0.04 Commercial graphite Schmidt et al. [36] 5 0.58±0.09 Foraminifera (Pyrgo murrhina) Nadeau et al. [30] 6 0.54±0.04 Calcite Beukens [8] 7 0.52±0.20 Shell (Spisula subtruncata) Nadeau et al. [30] 8 0.52±0.04 Whale bone Jull et al. [24] 9 0.51±0.08 Marble Gulliksen & Thomsen [21] 10 0.5±0.1 Wood, 60 Ka Gillespie & Hedges [19] 11 0.46±0.03 Wood Beukens [8] 12 0.46±0.03 Wood Vogel et al. [45] TABLE 1. AMS Measurements on Samples Conventionally Deemed 14C ‘Dead’ As Reported in the Peer-Reviewed Radiocarbon Literature

  30. 13 0.44±0.13 Anthracite Vogel et al. [45] 14 0.42±0.03 Anthracite Grootes et al. [20] 15 0.401±0.084 Foraminifera (untreated) Schleicher et al. [35] 16 0.40±0.07 Shell (Turitella communis) Nadeau et al. [30] 17 0.383±0.045 Wood (charred) Snelling [37] 18 0.358±0.033 Anthracite Beukens et al. [9] 19 0.35±0.03 Shell (Varicorbula gibba) Nadeau et al. [30] 20 0.342±0.037 Wood Beukens et al. [9] 21 0.34±0.11 Recycled graphite Arnold et al. [2] 22 0.32±0.06 Foraminifera Gulliksen & Thomsen [21] 23 0.3±? Coke Terrasi et al. [43] 24 0.3±? Coal Schleicher et al. [35] 25 0.26±0.02 Marble Schmidt et al. [36] 26 0.2334±0.061 Carbon powder McNichol et al. [29] 27 0.23±0.04 Foraminifera (mixed species avg.) Nadeau et al. [30] 28 0.211±0.018 Fossil wood Beukens [8]

  31. 75 0.05±? Carbon-12 (mass sp.) Schmidt, et al. [36] 76 0.045–0.012 (m0.06) Graphite Grootes et al. [20] 77 0.04±?* Graphite rod Aerts-Bijma et al. [1] 78 0.04±0.01 Graphite (Finland) Bonani et al. [14] 79 0.04±0.02 Graphite Van der Borg et al. [44] 80 0.04±0.02 Graphite (Ceylon) Bird et al. [12] 81 0.036±0.005 Graphite (air) Schmidt et al. [36] 82 0.033±0.013 Graphite Kirner et al. [25] 83 0.03±0.015 Carbon powder Schleicher et al. [35] 84 0.030±0.007 Graphite (air redone) Schmidt et al. [36] 85 0.029±0.006 Graphite (argon redone) Schmidt et al. [36] 86 0.029±0.010 Graphite (fresh surface) Schmidt et al. [36] 87 0.02±? Carbon powder Pearson et al. [33] 88 0.019±0.009 Graphite Nadeau et al. [30] 89 0.019±0.004 Graphite (argon) Schmidt et al. [36] 90 0.014±0.010 CaC2 (technical grade) Beukens [10]

  32. Precambrian Samples indicate oldest ages of 57,000 years (Preflood)

  33. Phanerozoic Samples indicate ages of 41,000 to 57,000 years (Post-flood)

  34. How Do Uniformitarian Researchers Explain Large Amounts of 14C in Samples That Should Be Utterly 14C-Dead? They refer to the 14C as ‘contamination,’ but most admit that the 14C is intrinsic to their samples and most further admit they have no explanation for its origin.

  35. Sample Coal Seam Name State County Geological Interval 14C/C (pmc) DECS-1 Bottom Texas Freestone Eocene 0.30±0.03 DECS-11 Beulah North Dakota Mercer Eocene 0.20±0.02 DECS-25 Pust Montana Richland Eocene 0.27±0.02 DECS-15 Lower Sunnyside Utah Carbon Cretaceous 0.35±0.03 DECS-16 Blind Canyon Utah Emery Cretaceous 0.10±0.03 DECS-28 Green Arizona Navajo Cretaceous 0.18±0.02 DECS-18 Kentucky #9 Kentucky Union Pennsylvanian 0.46±0.03 DECS-21 Lykens Valley #2 Pennsylvania Columbia Pennsylvanian 0.13±0.02 DECS-23 Pittsburgh Pennsylvania Washington Pennsylvanian 0.19±0.02 DECS-24 Illinois #6 Illinois Macoupin  Pennsylvanian 0.29±0.03 Table 2. Results of AMS 14C analysis of 10 RATE coal samples. These measurements were performed using the laboratory’s ‘high precision’ procedures which involved four runs on each sample, the results of which were combined as a weighted average and then reduced by 0.077±0.005 pmc to account for a ‘standard background’ of contamination believed to be introduced by sample processing.

  36. Histogram representation of AMS 14C analysis of ten coal samples undertaken by RATE 14C research project.

  37. RATE Analyses Support Already Published Results RATE AMS analyses have served to increase the confidence level in the published 14C levels and to confirm that the variation in the values across the fossil-bearing part of the record is surprisingly small. The case that intrinsic 14C at levels in the range 0.1-0.5 pmc exists in all pre-Ice Age fossil organic materials now appears to be an all but established scientific fact.

  38. Uniformity of 14C Values With Depth in the Geological Record When we average our results over geological intervals, we obtain remarkably similar values of 0.26 pmc for the Eocene, 0.21 pmc for the Cretaceous, and 0.27 pmc for the Pennsylvanian coal samples.

  39. Evidence for Global Cataclysm The fact that the 14C/12C ratios cluster about a common value of about 0.25 pmc, regardless of geological ‘age’ is compelling evidence that all this fossil organic material was buried contemporaneously not so long ago. This is consistent with the account in Genesis of a global Flood that destroyed most of the air-breathing life on the planet in a single year-long cataclysm.

  40. But how does one reconcile 14C dates of 40,000-60,000 years ago for fossil organisms buried in the Genesis Flood with the Biblical date of about 5000 years ago?

  41. The Genesis flood removedmuch carbon from the biosphere. Plants, soil, animals Coal, oil, natural gas There is much less carbonin today’sbiosphere.

  42. The C-14 / C-12 ratio wasmuch smaller before the flood. Pre-flood Now likely < 30 tons 62 tons C-14 > 7500 trillion tons C-12 75 trillion tons < 0.008 trillionth 0.83 trillionth Ratio Preflood ratio: Less than1 %of today

  43. The C-14 / C-12 ratio increased rapidly after the Flood. Ratio 1 1 Trillion ~ 1% of today Ice Age 0 Now Flood Time The fastest change was during the Ice Age.

  44. C-14 data supports rapid C-14 increase during the Ice Age Ice-age dating discrepancies Wooly mammoth C-14 ages: leg bones — 17,575 ± 550 yrs ribs — 20,400 ± 450 yrs R.E. Lee, 1982

  45. Uniformitarian Assumption Ratio Ratio in atmosphere Flood Ratio in fossil Now Time Wrong "Age,” 10,000 yr True Age, 5,000 yr Creation By not accounting for the Flood, uniformitarianism yields excessive C-14 ages.

  46. C-14 Detected in South African Diamond Indicates Earth is Young! In a report released in July 2003, radiocarbon lab finds level of C-14 in South African diamond 100 times above the detection threshold. Result appears to limit the age of the Earth to mere thousands of years.

  47. RATE diamond sample, Kimberley, South Africa AMS 14C/C ratio: 0.096±0.026 pmc

  48. Significance of 14C in Precambrian Samples The presence of reproducible 14C well above AMS instrument threshold levels in essentially every Precambrian sample reported in the literature suggests that these samples contain primordial 14C! This implies the physical earth itself must be only thousands, as opposed to billions, of years old!

  49. Summary of 14C Results The 14C data provide some of the clearest radioisotope evidence yet for a few thousand year age for the fossil record. These data also provide strong support for a uniform age for all but the topmost part of this record. As such they provide compelling positive evidence that this record is the product of a single, recent, global Flood cataclysm. Moreover, 14C in Precambrian samples puts a severe limit of the age of the earth itself.

  50. What about other nonliving radiometric methods? Recent measurement of helium diffusion rate gives nuclear evidence for a young world! Evidence indicates 1.5 billion years worthof nuclear decay occurred within roughly the last 6000 years!

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