Grant Writing and Proposal Development: Experienced Investigators Savannah State University

1. Grant Writing and Proposal Development: Experienced Investigators Savannah State University Brenda D. Hayes, MSW, MPH, DSW Research Assistant Prof., CHPM & Director, Grant and Proposal Development Office of Sponsored Research Administration Morehouse School of Medicine Atlanta, GA September 1, 2011

2. How do you get other people’s money ? & How do you keep it? Morehouse School of Medicine 2011

3. Workshop Objectives: • To review what we know about successful grant writing • To help you to identify “fundable” ideas and projects • To provide grant writing strategies, tips and short cuts • To incorporate a “team” approach to your grant writing activities. Morehouse School of Medicine 2011

4. A successful grant proposal is one that is well-prepared, thoughtfully planned and concisely packaged. ……………………………..CFDA Morehouse School of Medicine 2011

5. Write first Funding Second Morehouse School of Medicine 2011

6. The Three Essential Laws of Successful Grant Writing • Do your homework • Follow Instructions • Use Common Sense Morehouse School of Medicine 2011 Morehouse School of Medicine 6

7. Identify Institutional Goals Constitutional and legislative goals and programs authorized for higher education……. Examples: • To Improve the Quality of Education • To Enhance Economic Development • To Increase Retention and Graduation Rates Morehouse School of Medicine 2011

8. Institutional Assessment • Institutional History and Awards • Assets and Capability Statements • Organizational Support (s) • Departmental Direction/Goals • Use of templates • Availability of multi-disciplinary Partners • In-kind, Shared or matching costs Morehouse School of Medicine 2011

9. Write first Funding Second Morehouse School of Medicine 2011

10. Goals of the Organization Initial Project Idea Assessing Capability Assessing Need For the Idea Identifying Alternative Approaches Planning Proposal Writing Writing the Proposal Submitting the Proposal DEVELOPING THE IDEA MODEL FOR PROPOSAL DEVELOPMENT Building Support & Involvement Gathering Necessary Data Selecting Funding Source This handout taken from Getting Funded: A Complete Guide To Proposal Writing by Mary Hill, 1998. Available from Continuing Education Publication, P.O. Box 1491, Portland, OR 97207 Morehouse School of Medicine 2011

11. Proposal Teamwork Morehouse School of Medicine 2011

12. Mnemonics: To guide you • SMART: Specific, measurable, achievable, realistic, timely • GNOME: Goals, needs, objectives, methods, evaluation • FINER: Feasible, interesting, novel, ethical and realistic. Morehouse School of Medicine 2011

13. General Tips and Comments • Take sufficient time to prepare a good abstract, LOI, or concept paper • Avoid jargon and acronyms • Always include a budget and budget justification • Be careful when you cut and paste: assure uniformity of font size and type Morehouse School of Medicine 2011

14. Continued • Reflect an adequate and comprehensive literature review, references and citations • Proposed study outcome may not fit the design, e.g., looking for a change in behavior based on a retrospective chart analysis. • Background and significance vs. preliminary studies ??? Morehouse School of Medicine 2011

15. Unsuccessful Applications • Failure to follow directions • Lack of new or original ideas • Diffuse, superficial or unfocused research; • Lack of clearly stated hypothesis and rationale • Lack of an overall project goal; uncertainty about future directions • Lack of knowledge of relevant literature • Questionable reasoning in research design • Lack of demonstrated experience in selected methodology (lacks details) • Format issues • Over-ambitious • Not SMART Morehouse School of Medicine 2011

16. Proposal Planning • Identify Problem or Need • Define the Problem or Need • Limit the Problem or Need • Consider the Target Population • Effort and Effect < or > Cost? Morehouse School of Medicine 2011

17. Private Proposal Development Template Project/Program • Organizational history • Population Demographics • Sites ? • Program areas Idea • Analogies • Facts • Statistics • Experience • Expert • Example • Staff time • Collaborators/Partners • Small Grants or Pilot Funds? • Training? History/Background • Service/Training Opps with other orgs • Previous partnerships • Community Based Research • Development Projects? Need • One page executive summary on the need for project, competencies to address the need, timetable for completion and funding request Action Statement • Prepared by Program or Organizational Staff • Includes specific funding request and justification for the amount, include in kind amounts and other leveraged (or existing) funding, shared portion of the budget? Summary Morehouse School of Medicine:

18. Identifying Potential Funders • Local Networks • County and State government divisions • Local voluntary associations • Faith Based organizations • Partnerships (related programs, common mission, etc.) • Networks of Friends and Associates • Regional Branches of • National organizations • Federal Agencies (DHHS) • NSF • CDC • EPA • DOE Morehouse School of Medicine 2011

19. Theoretical Connections • Basic Sciences • Biomedical Approaches • Clinical and Translational • Public Health • Health Belief Models • Trans-theoretical • Behavioral Sciences • Bio-Psychosocial • Social Ecological Approaches • Social Determinants Morehouse School of Medicine 2011

20. A Social-Ecological Framework: US Preventive Services Task Force Morehouse School of Medicine 2011

21. Bio-Psycho-Social Theories Morehouse School of Medicine 2011

22. Program Description:The Essentials • Assure the connection between your objectives and the activities • Provide a well-developed plan that summarizes your activities • Include a reasonable time frame • Have or hire the appropriate personnel in place • Start-up can occur seamlessly with the appropriate supports (partners, technology, etc.) Morehouse School of Medicine 2011

23. Goals vs. Objectives vs. Activities • Often a source of confusion and problematic • Goals are abstract and generally focused on intent>Why? • Objectives are SMART and often focused on outcomes>What? • Activities>How? When? Where? And with whom? Morehouse School of Medicine 2011

24. Methods/Activities • Need to be: Specific---- • Who will do them? • What will be done? • When will they be done? • Where will these occur? • Any modifications? • How will you measure the outcomes? Morehouse School of Medicine 2011

25. Methods/Activities • Explanations about how the project will reach Objectives • Necessary to Success of Project • Undertake Only Those That Will Move Project Toward Realization of Objectives • Fully Describe Activities in Proposal Morehouse School of Medicine 2011

26. Health Disparities Research Agenda • Identify the health issues of most importance you wish to address. • Acknowledge the local, regional and national picture • Which organizations are leading the research, service and training projects? • Where do you fit? • What is your “added value?” Morehouse School of Medicine 2011

27. Health Disparities Research • Institutional Imperatives, vision and mission • Track Record • Capability Issues • Funding Resources and Other Assets Morehouse School of Medicine 2011

28. Partnering • Reflects a multi-pronged approach that • can combine qualitative and quantitative aspects of the program • Can provide a macro vs. micro-level approach and incorporate systems, communities, groups and individuals Morehouse School of Medicine 2011

29. Partnering • For a Purpose • To leverage limited resources • To strengthen project, program, services • Reflects a multi-disciplinary array of resources and skills • Enhances deliverables and sustainability • Diversifies your program/project Morehouse School of Medicine 2011

30. Managing the Partnership • Who and how will this program/activity be managed? • Are there multiple PIs? • Is an advisory board required, indicated or suggested? • What is the role of consultants, collaborators and/or other institutions? • Budget Matters! Morehouse School of Medicine 2011

31. Timelines • Provide a visual (graphic) of expected milestones throughout the funding period • Can be a bar chart, a plain time table, or a GanttChartlisting major activities, specific tasks and details • Informs the sponsoring agency (funding source) of planned outcomes/deliverables, etc. • Useful evaluative tool for internal monitoring Morehouse School of Medicine 2011

32. EVALUATION • Include an evaluation plan • Specifically discuss what you intend to deliver, based on your objectives • There should be some outcome measures involved, e.g., number of participants served, brochures developed, contacts made, presentations given, etc. • It is ok to include an evaluator but…. Morehouse School of Medicine 2011

33. Evaluation The evaluation component can be challenging: • Product evaluation: Results that can be attributed to the project, as well as the extent to which the project has satisfied its desired objectives. • Process evaluation: How the project was conducted, in accordance with the stated plan and the effectiveness of various activities within the plan. • Impact evaluation: So what? Morehouse School of Medicine 2011

34. The Burden of proof is on you to show, through a clear, succinct, yet detailed explication, that you understand the intent of the proposed project and you are capable of handling the project and reaching the stated objectives. Morehouse School of Medicine 2011

35. References • John W. Cresswell.  Research Design:  Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches.  Thousand Oaks, Calif.:  Sage Publications, 1994 • Arlene Fink.  Conducting Research Literature Reviews:  From Paper to the Internet.  Thousand Oaks, Calif.:  Sage Publications, 1998. • William Gerin (Ed.) Writing the NIH Grant Proposal: a Step-By-Step Guide (2nd Ed.) Los Angeles: Sage Publications, 2011.   • Lawrence F. Locke, Waneen Wyrick Spirduso and Stephen J. Silverman. Proposals that Work:  A Guide for Planning Dissertations and Grant Proposals. (4th Ed.) Thousand Oaks, Calif.:  Sage Publications, 2000. • Jeremy T. Miner and Lynn E. Miner. Models of Proposal Planning & Writing. Westport, Conn.: Praeger, 2005. • Writing Grant Proposals That Win. Edited by Deborah Ward. Sudbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett Publishers, 2006. • Otto O. Yang. Guide to Effective Grant Writing: How to Write an Effective NIH Grant Application New York, N.Y.: Springer Science & Business Media, Inc., 2005 Morehouse School of Medicine 2011

36. References • Hayes, Brenda D. Grant Writing for Community-Based Health Disparities Research and Services: The Role of Academic /Community Partnerships. In: Wallace, B.C.(editor) Toward Equity in Health: A New Global Approach to Health Disparities. New York, NY: Springer Publishing Co., 2008. • Ockene JK, Edgerton EA, Teutsch SM, Marion LN, Miller T, Genevro JL, Loveland-Cherry CJ, Fielding JE, Briss PA. Integrating evidence-based clinical and community strategies to improve health. Am J Prev Med 2007;32:244-252. • S. B. Hulley, S.R. Cummings, W. S. Browner, D. Grady, N. Hearst and T. B. Newman. Designing Clinical Research.(2nd Ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2001. • Goodman, R.M., Yoo, S. & Jack, L. Jr. (2006). Applying comprehensive community-based approaches in diabetes prevention: rationale, principles, and models. Journal of Public Health Management Practice. 12(6), 545-55. Morehouse School of Medicine 2011

37. More! • Altman, D. G. & Goodman, R. M. (2001). Community intervention. In: Baum, A., Revenson, T.A. & Singer, J.E, eds. Handbook of Health Psychology. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 591-612. • Lusk, S.L. Developing an Outstanding Grant Application. Western Journal of Nursing Research. 2004; 26(3), 367-373. Morehouse School of Medicine 2011

38. Master of Public Health Program • NyThea Campbell Tolbert, MPH • Academic Support Specialist • Phone: 404-752-1957 • Fax: 404-752-1051 • Email: ntolbert@msm.edu

39. Graduate Education in Biomedical Sciences Programs Ph.D. in Biomedical SciencesM.S. in Biomedical ResearchM.S. in Biomedical TechnologyM.S. in Clinical Research (Jali@msm.edu)Post baccalaureate Certificate in Biomedical Science Contact for program information: Douglas F. Paulsen, Ph.D. Associate Dean for Graduate Studies dpaulsen@msm.edu

40. Thank You! Questions and Comments